高校扩招后新疆高等教育对经济增长贡献率的实证研究  

An Empirical Study on the Contribution Rate of Higher Education to Economic Growth in Xinjiang after Enrollment Expansion of Universities

作　　者：杨丽雪 王媛[1] 王亚芹 YANG Li-xue;WANG Yuan;WANG Ya-qin(School of Educational Science,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830017,China;School of Educational Science,Kashgar University,Kashgar 844000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学教育科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]喀什大学教育科学学院,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《民族高等教育研究》2021年第4期47-56,共10页Research on Higher Education of Nationalities

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“新疆教育的减贫效应及其效果研究”(项目编号:20CMZ035)的阶段成果。

摘　　要：随着高等教育规模的攀升,我国高等教育逐步由大众化发展阶段进入普及化发展阶段,高等教育对提升劳动者素质、促进经济增长的作用更为显著。以柯布-道格拉斯生产函数(Cobb-Douglas production function)为基础,选取2002年至2018年高等教育发展迅速的关键时期,聚焦新疆的劳动力人口教育程度、从业人员数量、地区生产总值等数据,测算新疆高等教育对经济增长的贡献率,分析影响贡献率的因素。实证研究发现,自高校扩招以来,新疆高等教育有利于经济增长,贡献率为3.17%,但是同全国水平相比还有一定差距。高等教育经费投入、高校科技经费投入力度及其产出、人才流失率等是影响新疆高等教育经济贡献率的主要原因。为了进一步提高新疆高等教育对经济增长的贡献率,建议从加大高等教育经费投入力度,拓宽经费来源渠道;合理配置科研经费,加速科研成果转化;营造良好的人才环境,完善人才留任机制等方面加以改进。With the increase of the scale of higher education,China’s higher education has gradually entered the stage of popularization from the stage of popularization.Higher education plays a more significant role in improving the quality of workers and promoting economic growth.Based on the Cobb Douglas(C-D)production function,this study selects the key period of the rapid development of higher education from 2002 to 2018,focuses on the education level of the labor force,the number of employees,and the GDP of Xinjiang,calculates the contribution rate of higher education to economic growth in Xinjiang,and analyzes the factors influencing the contribution rate.Empirical studies have found that since the expansion of college enrollment,higher education in Xinjiang has contributed to economic growth,and its contribution rate is 3.17%,but there is still a certain gap compared with the national level.The main reasons that affect the economic contribution rate of higher education in Xinjiang are the investment of higher education funds,the input and output of science and technology funds in universities,and the brain drain rate.In order to further improve the contribution rate of higher education to economic growth in Xinjiang,it is suggested to increase the investment in higher education,broaden the sources of funds,allocate scientific research funds reasonably,accelerate the transformation of scientific research achievements,create a good talent environment,and improve the talent retention mechanism.

关 键 词：高等教育 经济增长 贡献率 新疆维吾尔自治区 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]