经济与政治的缠斗——洪特的18世纪政治思想研究述评  

The Struggle Between Economy and Politics--Reflections on Hont’s Study of Eighteenth-Century Political Thought

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作  者:赵雨淘 Zhao Yutao

机构地区:[1]埃克塞特大学政治思想研究中心

出  处:《政治思想史》2021年第2期167-181,200,共16页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘  要:"商业社会性"和"贸易的猜忌"是洪特推进18世纪政治思想研究的两个要点。"商业社会性"揭示了18世纪政治经济学与自然法学派的思想关联,将经济互利提炼为一种社会性模式,凸显了经济领域的自主性,预示了社会与国家的分离。"贸易的猜忌"则呈现了18世纪政治经济学与共和主义和国家理性学派的对话,将经济看作国家力量的基础,强调经济始终内嵌于政治逻辑之中。不过,洪特的"商业社会性"概念也在一定程度上简化了18世纪思想家对商业社会的分析,与"贸易的猜忌"所反映的政治逻辑存在一定张力。从这一张力回到18世纪思想家,有助于我们更好地理解商业社会的政治面相。"Commercial sociability"and"jealousy of trade"are main points of Hont’s study of eighteenth-century political thought.Highlighting the connection between eighteenth-century political economy and natural jurisprudence,"commercial sociability"considers economic commerce as a new mode of sociability,therefore suggests the autonomy of economy and the distinction between society and state.Whereas"jealousy of trade"displays the dialogue between eighteenth-century political economy and the"reason of state"tradition,in which economy is regarded as the foundation of state power,and is therefore always embedded in the logic of politics.However,there is some tension between Hont’s conception of"commercial sociability"and the political logic underlying"jealousy of trade",for the former to some extent oversimplifies the analysis of commercial society by eighteenth-century thinkers.Returning to eighteenth-century political thought may lead to a more adequate understanding of the political aspect of commercial society.

关 键 词:洪特 政治经济学 自然法学派 社会性 国家理性 

分 类 号:D091[政治法律—政治学]

 

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