农药残留生物降解剂的研究进展  

Research Progress of Pesticide Residue Biodegradation Agents

作　　者：焦美娟 林文星 马鹏生[1] 王芳[2] 何娜 吴秀丽[1,3] JIAO Meijuan;LIN Wenxing;MA Pengsheng;WANG Fang;HE Na;WU Xiuli(College of Pharmacy,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004;Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004;Yinchuan Zhiwei Biological Technology Co.Ltd.,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学药学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏银川750004 [3]银川知微生物科技有限公司,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第13期141-147,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划资助项目(2020BFG02006)。

摘　　要：当前农药污染问题已经对人们的生活环境产生影响,而生物降解技术在处理农药污染方面有着独特优势和发展前景。该研究首先介绍了农药残留生物降解的机理以及影响降解的因素;然后分别阐述微生物菌剂、酶制剂、工程菌剂以及微生物联合体、植物微生物联合等不同降解方式在农药残留方面的研究现状和具体应用,由于不同降解方式有其不同的降解特点,若把新技术与传统降解方式结合将会有新的突破;最后指出当前存在问题以及展望,如结合固定化技术、基因工程技术可以更好的发挥降解剂的效能,但在实际应用中也有一些问题仍待解决。生物降解剂在农业、工业、环境等领域的农药残留方面具有很大的研究潜力与应用前景,对了解农药残留生物降解剂有所帮助。At present,the problem of pesticide pollution has affected people’s living environment,and biodegradation technology has unique advantages and development prospects in the treatment of pesticide pollution.Firstly,the mechanism of biodegradation of pesticide residues and the factors affecting the biodegradation were introduced.Then,the research status and application of microbial agents,enzyme preparations,engineering agents,microbial complexes and plant-microbial combinations in pesticide residues were described respectively.Different degradation methods had different degradation characteristics.Therefore,if the new technology and traditional degradation methods were combined,there would be a new breakthrough.Finally,the existing problems and prospects were pointed out,for example,the combination of immobilization technology and genetic engineering technology could better play the role of degradation agents,but there were still some problems to be solved in practical application.Biodegrades had great potential and application prospect in the field of pesticide residues in agriculture,industry and environment.It will be helpful to understand the pesticide residues.

关 键 词：农药残留 微生物降解 酶降解 基因工程菌 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]