水蒸馏与CO_(2)超临界法提取杠香挥发油成分对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Oil Constituents from Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.by Steam Distillation and Carbon Dioxide Supercritical Fluid Extraction methods

作　　者：陈晓庆[1] 张丹雁[2] 范紫颖 班梦梦 曾业达 杨丽 CHEN Xiao-Qing;ZHANG Dan-Yan;FAN Zi-Ying;BAN Meng-Meng;ZENG Ye-Da;YANG Li(Dept.of Pharmacy,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405 Guangdong,China;School of Pharmaceutical Medicine,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第一附属医院药学部,广东广州510405 [2]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州中医药大学学报》2021年第7期1462-1466,共5页Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：广东省中药材保护品种质量体系构建项目(编号:E2-6212-19-112-004)。

摘　　要：【目的】对比分析杠香挥发油不同提取方式的优劣及其提取化学成分的异同,为寻找不同应用途径的精油及相关副产品生产提供科学方法和依据。【方法】分别采取水蒸气蒸馏法、二氧化碳(CO_(2))超临界流体萃取法提取杠香的挥发油,测定提取率,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术进行挥发油化学成分对比分析。【结果】CO_(2)超临界法提取时间短,提取率高,挥发油色泽稍深,提取所剩粉渣仍存香气,可用做熏香产品基础原料,但经济成本高;水蒸馏法经济成本低,其提取所得挥发油色泽浅,透明度好,额外可获得纯露原料,可作芳香露剂用途,但水蒸馏法提取时间长,提取率低。经GC-MS检测技术分析,水蒸馏油检出39个组分,超临界油检出25个组分。两者共有组分13个,其相对百分含量有一定差异,但主要成分类型均为醇类、酯类及烯类,主成分均为橙花叔醇。【结论】应用水蒸气蒸馏法、CO_(2)超临界流体萃取法提取杠香挥发油各有优势。可根据杠香提取精油用途合理选择不同提取方法生产不同类型的挥发油产品及不同用途副产品。Objective To compare and analyze the pros and cons of different extraction methods of volatile oil from Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.and the similarities and differences of the extracted chemical constituents,so as to provide scientific methods and basis for the production of essential oils and related by-products for different usages.Methods Steam distillation and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))supercritical fluid extraction methods were used to extract the volatile oil from Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.,respectively,and the extraction rate was determined.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)technology was used to compare and analyze the chemical constituents of the volatile oil.Results The CO_(2)supercritical extraction time was shorter,and extraction rate was higher.The color of the volatile oil was slightly darker,and the remaining powder residue still had aroma,so it could be used as the basic raw material of incense products,but the economic cost was higher.The economic cost of steam distillation method was lower,and the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation had light color and good transparency.The pure dew raw material additionally obtained could be used as an aromatic dew agent,however,the time for steam distillation extraction was longer,and the extraction rate was lower.After analysis by GC-MS,39 volatile oil constituents were found by steam distillation method,25 volatile oil constituents were found by CO_(2)supercritical extraction method.This showed 13 common volatile oil constituents,there being certain difference in relative percentage contents between the two volatile oils,but the main constituent types were alcohols,esters and alkenes,and the main constituent was nerolidol.Conclusion The steam distillation and CO_(2)supercritical fluid extraction methods for volatile oil from Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.have their own advantages,so which method is supposed to be reasonably selected to produce different types of volatile oil products and by-products according to the usages of essential oils f

关 键 词：杠香 水蒸气蒸馏法 CO_(2)超临界流体萃取法 挥发油 成分分析 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]