自然分娩产妇产后42d盆底功能状况及影响因素分析  

Status of pelvic floor function at 42 days postpartum in natural delivered women and its influencing factors

作　　者：徐凤娟 沈敏[1] 张萍[1] XU Feng-juan;SHEN Min;ZHANG Ping(Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2021年第6期710-713,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会(F201657)。

摘　　要：目的探讨自然分娩产妇产后42 d盆底功能状况及影响因素。方法选取2018年1月至2020年12月在南京市某医院产科自然分娩且产后42 d进行产后专病门诊体检的产妇,调查母婴基本情况并采用Logistic回归分析其产后42 d盆底功能的影响因素。结果共对1984名产妇进行研究,年龄20~41岁,平均年龄(28.53±6.44)岁,分娩孕周为37~42周,平均孕周为(38.49±1.43)周。1984名产妇中有1549例(78.07%)发生盆底功能异常,且Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌肌力,Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌疲劳度,阴道壁静态压力值异常率均超过60%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁(OR=1.527)、孕次2次及以上(OR=2.155)、产次2次及以上(OR=2.467)、新生儿出生体重≥4.0 kg(OR=3.086)、孕期增重高于推荐标准(OR=2.130)、分娩孕周>40周(OR=1.654)是自然分娩产妇产后42 d盆底功能异常的危险因素。结论自然分娩产妇产后42 d盆底功能异常率较高,年龄、孕次、产次、新生儿出生体重、孕期增重、分娩孕周等因素均可影响自然分娩产妇盆底功能情况,产科医生应指导孕妇做好孕期管理,减少产后早期盆底功能异常情况的发生,促进产妇产后康复。ObjectiveTo investigate the status and influencing factors of pelvic floor function at 42 days postpartum in women with natural delivery.MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2020,the parturients who delivered naturally in the obstetrics department of a hospital in Nanjing and received postpartum specialized outpatient medical examination at 42 days postpartum were selected,to investigate the basic condition of mother and baby and analyze the influencing factors of pelvic floor function at 42 days postpartum using Logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1984 parturients were studied,aged 20-41 years old,with an average age of(28.53±6.44)years old;their gestational week of delivery was 37-42 weeks,and their average gestational week was(38.49±1.43)weeks.Among 1984 parturients,1549 cases(78.07%)had abnormal pelvic floor function,and the abnormal rate of muscle strength of type I and type II muscle,fatigue of type I and type II muscle,and static pressure value of vaginal wall exceeded 60%.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35 years old(OR=1.527),twice or more pregnancies(OR=2.155),twice or more deliveries(OR=2.467),birth weight of newborn≥4.0 kg(OR=3.086),weight gain during pregnancy higher than the recommended standard(OR=2.130),gestational week of delivery>40 weeks(OR=1.654)were risk factors for abnormal pelvic floor function at 42 days postpartum in natural delivered women.Conclusion function at 42 days postpartum in natural delivered women is relatively high.Factors such as age,gravidity,parity,birth weight of newborn,weight gain during pregnancy,and gestational week of delivery can affect the pelvic floor function of natural delivered women.Obstetricians should guide pregnant women to make a good pregnancy management,reduce the occurrence of abnormal pelvic floor function in the early postpartum period,and promote maternal postpartum rehabilitation.

关 键 词：自然分娩 盆底功能 影响因素 产妇 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R173[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]