具有抗衰老作用中药有效成分及作用机制研究进展  

Advances in Research on Active Ingredients and Mechanism of Action of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-aging Effects

作　　者：王艳艳[1] 王凤玲[1] 毛子玮 张慧[1] 吕鑫[1] 黄莉莉[1] 李廷利[1] WANG Yanyan;WANG Fengling;MAO Ziwei;ZHANG Hui;LYU Xin;HUANG Lili;LI Tingli(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2021年第5期142-148,共7页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2013C085,LH2019H106);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12531623);哈尔滨市科技局项目(2013RFQXJ070);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910228084)。

摘　　要：衰老是由于多重因素造成的机体生理功能和组织结构发生的退行性变化。由衰老引发的多种疾病严重影响人们的生活质量,因此,抗衰老研究已成为近年来的热点问题。传统中药在延缓衰老方面具有悠久的历史。文章就具有抗衰老作用中药的有效成分及作用机制进行了综述,分别从实验动物、给药途径、有效成分、药理作用、作用机制等方面归纳总结了具有抗衰老作用中药的有效成分及作用机制。总结发现具有抗衰老作用的中药以补虚药和活血化瘀药为主;有效成分包括多糖、皂苷、黄酮、生物碱等;抗衰老的作用机制主要有提高抗氧化酶活性、清除自由基、增强免疫功能和改善学习记忆能力等。通过文章的综述将有助于研究者寻找更多具有抗衰老作用的中药有效成分。Aging is the degenerative changes in the body's physiological functions and tissue structure caused by multiple factors.Many diseases caused by aging seriously affect people's quality of life.Therefore,anti-aging research has become a hot issue in recent years.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in delaying aging.This article reviews the effective ingredients and mechanism of anti-aging Chinese medicines,and summarizes the effective ingredients and mechanism of anti-aging Chinese medicines from the aspects of experimental animals,administration route,effective ingredients,pharmacological effects,and mechanism of action.In summary,it is found that Chinese medicines with anti-aging effects are mainly tonic drugs and blood stasis removing drugs;active ingredients include polysaccharides,saponins,flavonoids,alkaloids,etc;the anti-aging mechanism is mainly to improve antioxidant enzyme activity,scavenging free radicals,enhance immune function and improve learning and memory ability.This review will help researchers to find more effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine with anti-aging effects.

关 键 词：中药 抗衰老 有效成分 作用机制 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]