运动训练的学科观念史进展——以关键词为视角的学术叙事  

Sports Training:Narrative of Academic Thought History from the Perspective of The Key Word

作　　者：王若光 李心远 WANG Ruoguang;LI Xinyuan(College of Physical Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学体育学院,扬州225127

出　　处：《体育与科学》2021年第4期28-37,47,共11页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目,项目号:16CTY021。

摘　　要：运动训练的学术观念自生于体育之内,训练学观念体系的形成与完善会为训练实践产生强大的指引作用。本研究以"运动训练"为关键词,依循"理论本土化"与"本土理论建构"的两条理论发展脉络为叙事基本框架,讲述建国以来我国运动训练观念史的发展流变过程。其观念史的发展流变过程具体表现为:(1)经"理论本土化"所形成的"二元训练理论"观念体系,该体系由苏联引进,先后经历了"身体素质论""三从一大""训练分期""项群训练理论"的更新脉络。(2)经"本土理论建构"所形成的一元训练理论体系,生发于基层训练实践经验,由一元观、体力波、早期专项化、优质窗口期、整体调整、训练毕生全周期等核心观念构成。(3)"二元训练理论"与"一元训练理论"之间在训练观念的哲学层面上有着还原论与整体论的根本区分。(4)"二元训练"与"一元训练"的观念体系,在新世纪以来有了学术上的交锋,有助于学术观念之间的"激荡生发"。The academic concept of sports training is born inside sports.The formation and perfection of the concept system of sports training plays a powerful guiding role for training practice.This study takes"sports training"as the key word,follows the two theoretical development thread,that are"theory localization"and"local theory construction",as the basic narrative framework,and tells the development and evolutionary process of sports training concept history in China since the founding of New China.The development and evolution of its concept history are as follows:(1)The concept system of"dualistic training theory"formed by"theory localization"was introduced by the Soviet Union,which has experienced the successive renewal of"physical fitness theory","Training Hardly Strictly Practically with Great Quantity","training staging"and"event group training theory";(2)The unitary training theory system formed by"local theory construction"is originated from the practical experience of basic training,and is composed of such core concepts as unitary view,physical wave,early specialization,high-quality window period,overall adjustment,complete lifetime training period and so on;(3)There is a fundamental distinction between"dualistic training theory"and"monistic training theory"mentioned above on the philosophical level,as one is reductionism and the other is holism;(4)The concept system of"dualistic training"and"monistic training"has had an academic confrontation since the new century,which is helpful to the"stimulation and development"of academic concepts.

关 键 词：运动训练 苏联模式 理论本土化 本土理论建构 一元训练理论 观念史 学术叙事 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]