南京市一起输入性病例引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of a COVID-19 cluster caused by imported case in Nanjing

作　　者：苗瑞芬[1] 马涛[2] 洪镭[3] 许可[1] 钱海龙 李晨[1] 丁松宁[1] 王荣[1] 杨晨[1] 刘夏[1] 湛然 徐斐[5] MIAO Rui-fen;MA Tao;HONG Lei;XU Ke;QIAN Hai-long;LI Chen;DING Song-ning;WANG Rong;YANG Chen;LIU Xia;ZHAN Ran;XU Fei(Department of Communicable Chronic Disease,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心慢传科,江苏南京210003 [2]南京市疾病预防控制中心急传科 [3]南京市疾病预防控制中心计免科 [4]南京市鼓楼区疾病预防控制中心传染病控制科 [5]南京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第14期2655-2658,2676,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：南京市医学科技发展资金资助项目(YKK16215)。

摘　　要：目的分析南京市一起输入性病例引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)聚集性疫情的流行病学特征,为制定新冠疫情防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学方法开展流行病学调查和疫情控制工作,并采用描述性流行病学方法对本次疫情进行回顾性分析。结果本起疫情传染源为湖北来南京人员,无任何可疑症状而先后引起两起相互关联的家庭聚集性疫情,并因短时间近距离无防护接触造成1名家庭外病例感染。涉及三代病例,其中确诊病例12例,无症状感染者2例。潜伏期中位数为7 d(4~8 d),代间距中位数为4 d(3~5 d)。病例的主要发现方式主要为主动就诊(83.33%),其次为密接筛查(16.67%)。聚餐人员中发病者多有基础性疾病(40.00%),未发病者均无基础性疾病。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎潜伏期内即有传染性,近距离无防护短时间接触也可引起传播,尽早开展流行病学调查,排查共同暴露者和密切接触者,加强健康宣教,强化个人防护措施,对防止疫情扩散具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 caused by an imported case in Nanjing and provide reference for the disease prevention and control.Methods Field epidemiological survey was conducted.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the cluster.Results The person from Hubei Province without any symptom was the source of infection and caused two related family cluster and one case that was infected through short time close contact without personal protective such as mask.The cluster caused three generation cases transmission and 12 confirmed COVID-19 patients and two asymptomatic carriers were involved.The median of incubation period was 7 days(4-8 days)and was 4 days(3-5 days)for serial interval.In total 83.33%of the cases were detected via active medical treatment,and 16.67%by screening of close contacts.Of all the dinner participators,40%had underlying diseases among the one who developed to disease while all of the others that did not get infected or develop to disease had no underlying diseases.Conclusion COVID-19 is contagious during the incubation period and can be transmitted by short unprotected contact in close proximity.Early epidemiological investigation,screening of co-exposed persons and close contacts,strengthening health education and enhancing personal protective measures are important to prevent the spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 聚集性疫情 流行病学 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R181.81[医药卫生—内科学]