高血压脑出血合并肺部感染危险因素分析及防治  

Analysis of risk factors and prevention of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage complicated with pulmonary infection

作　　者：张爽 马向科[2] 刘思维[3] Zhang Shuang;Ma Xiangke;Liu Siwei(Department of Pneumology,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100043,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100043,China;Department of Neurology,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸内科,北京100043 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经外科,北京100043 [3]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科,北京100043

出　　处：《首都医科大学学报》2021年第4期660-663,共4页Journal of Capital Medical University

摘　　要：目的旨在探讨肺部感染发生的相关危险因素,指导防治肺部感染的有效措施。方法回顾性分析了2016年3月至2020年12月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院收治的368例高血压脑出血患者的临床资料。结果本研究中368例高血压脑出血患者发生肺部感染者占19.6%。革兰阴性杆菌是最常见的病原菌。慢性阻塞性肺疾病、糖尿病、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)>8分、低蛋白血症及严重呕吐均为脑出血患者发生肺部感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论意识障碍重、肺部病史的脑出血患者更容易发生肺部感染,需从保持呼吸道通畅,防止呕吐、误吸,加强营养,提高机体免疫力,同时稳定血糖等方面着手防控肺部感染。Objective To explore the risk factors related to the occurrence of pulmonary infection,aiming to guide the prevention and treatment of pulmonary infection.Methods The clinical data of 368 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University from March 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 368 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage,72 patients had pulmonary infection,accounting for 19.6%.Gram-negative bacilli are the most common pathogens.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,diabetes,Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)>8 points,hypoproteinemia,and severe vomiting are independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage(P<0.05).Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage patients with severe consciousness disorder and a history of pulmonary disease are more likely to develop pulmonary infections.It is necessary to prevent and control the pulmonary infections from the aspects of keeping the airway patency,preventing vomiting,strengthening nutrition,improving the immunity,and stabilizing blood sugar.

关 键 词：高血压脑出血 肺部感染 危险因素 并发症 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]