多跨格构式构架气弹模型设计与风洞试验  

Aeroelastic model design and wind tunnel tests of multi-span lattice frame

作　　者：李峰[1] 邹良浩[1] 陈寅 梁枢果[1] LI Feng;ZOU Lianghao;CHEN Yin;HANG Shuguo(Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Power Engineering Consulting Group,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学湖北省城市综合防灾与消防救援工程技术研究中心,武汉430072 [2]中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司,武汉430071

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第13期23-31,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51078296,51478369)。

摘　　要：为了研究复杂多跨格构式构架风致响应特性,通过对比主要气弹模型制作方法的优缺点,以某典型1 000 kV两跨变电构架为背景,采用刚性节段加V型弹簧片的方法设计制作了满足前4阶频率相似比的气弹模型。在此基础上,通过气弹模型风洞试验测试得到了不同风速和不同风向角工况下,结构典型部位的位移和加速度时程,并研究了多跨格构式构架的风振响应特性,最后采用惯性风荷载方法和阵风荷载因子法评估了典型节段的风振系数。结果表明:采用刚性节段加V型弹簧片的方法设计制作的气弹模型能较好满足外形、质量、频率、阻尼比等重要参数的相似关系;风向角对位移均值的影响十分显著,其最不利风向角与相应主轴成15°夹角;顺风向与横风向的加速度响应均方根处于同一数量级,横风向风致振动效应较为明显;该结构垂直于跨向中塔的风振响应以第一阶模态的共振分量为主,边塔基阶模态与高阶模态的共振分量均较大,高阶模态的贡献不可忽略;同一节段的位移风振系数值略大于惯性力风振系数值。该试验结果对多跨格构式构架的抗风设计具有一定的参考意义。In order to study wind-induced response characteristics of complex multi-span lattice frame, through comparing advantages and disadvantages of main aeroelastic model making methods, taking a typical 1 000 kV two-span substation frame as the background, the aeroelastic model satisfying the first 4 orders frequencies’ similarity ratios was designed and made by using the method of rigid segments and V-shaped spring sheets. Then, displacement and acceleration time histories at positions of typical parts of the structure under different wind speeds and wind directions were measured through wind tunnel tests of the aeroelastic model. Wind-induced response characteristics of the multi-span lattice frame were studied. Finally, gust response factors of typical segments were evaluated by using the inertial wind load method and the gust load factor method. The results showed that the aeroelastic model designed using the method of rigid segments and V-type spring sheets can better satisfy similarity relations of important parameters, such as, shape, mass, frequency and damping ratio;effects of wind direction on the mean displacement are very significant, and the most unfavorable wind direction is at 15 ° to the corresponding principal axis;root mean square of acceleration responses in along-wind direction and cross-wind direction are in the same order of magnitude, and the wind-induced response in crosswind direction is obvious;the wind-induced response of the structure perpendicular to the central tower of span direction is dominated by the resonance component of the first-order mode, and resonance components of the fundamental order mode and higher-order modes of the side tower are all larger, contributions of higher-order modes can’t be ignored;gust response factor of displacement is slightly larger than that of inertial force of the same segment;the test results can provide a reference for anti-wind design of multi-span lattice frames.

关 键 词：多跨格构式构架 气弹模型 风洞试验 风振响应 风振系数 

分 类 号：TU392.3[建筑科学—结构工程]