不同氮磷钾配方对桄榔幼苗生长及其土壤养分含量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer with Different Application Levels on Growth of Arengapinnata Seedling and Soil Nutrient Content

作　　者：杨海霞 李恒锐 兰秀 陈会鲜 刘连军 马仙花 梁振华 YANG Haixia;LI Hengrui;LAN Xiu;CHEN Huixian;LIU Lianjun;MA Xianhua;LIANG Zhenhua(Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute,Longzhou,Guangxi 532415,China)

机构地区：[1]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州532415

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第5期40-46,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西区直属公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“桄榔苗移栽保活技术相关因子研究”(GXNYRKS201909);广西自然科学基金青年基金项目“基于ISSR和SRAP标记的桄榔遗传多样性研究与亲缘关系的聚类分析”(2020GXNSFBA297054);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项稳定资助科研团队项目“特色经济作物在桂西南地区适应性研究”(桂农科2021YT158)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明桄榔幼苗生长对氮磷钾肥的利用规律,为桄榔人工种植合理施肥,提高林地肥料利用率及保护土壤环境提供理论依据。【方法】采用正交试验设置9个不同氮磷钾配比处理,以不施肥作对照,研究不同氮磷钾配方施肥对桄榔幼苗生长及其土壤养分含量的影响。【结果】每年施尿素200g/株+钙镁磷40g/株+氯化钾280g/株对桄榔幼树生长、叶绿素的累积及土壤速效钾含量累积效果最好,其株高增幅、地径增幅、新生枝条数增幅、SPAD和速效钾含量分别为(22.27±1.19)cm、(14.85±0.47)mm、(2.40±0.53)条、78.82和124.38mg/kg;每年施尿素200g/株+钙镁磷60g/株+氯化钾140g/株对土壤有机质的促进作用最显著,有机质含量增加10.20mg/kg;每年施尿素200g/株+钙镁磷80g/株+氯化钾210g/株对桄榔林地碱解氮和有效磷含量的促进作用最明显,二者含量分别增加82.82 mg/kg和10.92mg/kg。【结论】桄榔幼苗生长适宜的氮磷钾施肥配方为每年施尿素200g/株+钙镁磷40~80g/株+氯化钾140~280g/株。【Objective】In order to provide the theoretical basis for rational fertilization of artificial cultivated Arenga pinnata,improving fertilizer utilization rate in woodland and protecting soil environment,the rules of applying nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in growth of A.pinnata seedling are clarified.【Method】Nine treatments of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratios are set up by using orthogonal experiment.The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with different application levels on growth of A.pinnataseedling and soil nutrient content are studied by taking non-fertilization as the control.【Result】Applying 200 g/plant urea+40 g/plant calcium magnesium phosphate+280 g/plant potassium chloride per year has the best effect on growth of A.pinnataseedling,chlorophyll accumulation and soil available potassium content accumulation,and the plant height increment,ground diameter increment,new branches increment,SPAD and available potassium content are(22.27±1.19)cm,(14.85±0.47)mm,(2.40±0.53),78.82 and 124.38 mg/kg respectively.Application of 200 g/plant urea+60 g/plant calcium magnesium phosphate+140 g/plant potassium chloride per year has the most significant promotion effect on soil organic matters,and the organic matters content increases by 10.20 mg/kg.Application of 200 g/plant urea+80 g/plant calcium magnesium phosphate+210 g/plant potassium chloride per year has the most obvious promotion effect on available nitrogen and available phosphorous content in woodland of A.pinnata,the both content increase by82.82 mg/kg and 10.92 mg/kg separately.【Conclusion】The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with different application levels suitable for the growth of A.pinnata seedling is 200 g/plant urea+40-80 g/plant calcium magnesium phosphate+140-280 g/plant potassium chloride per year.

关 键 词：桄榔幼林 氮磷钾肥 树体指标 养分含量 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]