贵州省六枝特区耕地土壤养分的地球化学等级评价  

Evaluation on Geochemistry Grade of Soil Nutrient in Cultivated Land of Liuzhi Special District in Guizhou Province

作　　者：任维 万大学[1] REN Wei;WAN Daxue(No.105 Geological Brigade,Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一○五地质大队,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第5期123-130,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“典型矿山区域重金属污染农田钝化修复新材料研究与开发”[黔科合支撑(2019)2833]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明贵州省六枝特区耕地土壤养分丰缺状况,为六枝特区农业生产布局与区划提供科学依据。【方法】采用X射线荧光光谱法、容量法和森林土壤系列测定方法测定土壤全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾和有机质等养分的含量,并参照全国第二次土壤养分地球化学分级标准和土地质量地球化学评价规范对土壤各养分指标含量进行地球化学单指标及综合养分评价。【结果】六枝特区耕地土壤肥力总体为中等偏丰富,综合全氮/碱解氮、全磷/有效磷、全钾/速效钾和有机质等养分的含量状况,其土壤综合肥力一等(丰富)土壤面积为64.77km^(2),占全区耕地面积的8.39%,主要分布在牛场、新场、梭戛、新华、龙河、大用、中寨和郎岱等乡镇,另在塔山街道至九龙街道一带也有分布;二等(较丰富)土壤面积为519.13km^(2),占全区耕地面积的67.27%,除新场乡、关寨镇、新窑镇、月亮河乡、中寨镇和牂牁镇外,其余乡镇均大面积分布;三等(适中)土壤面积为24.11km^(2),占全区耕地面积的20.84%,主要分布于月亮河乡、牂牁镇、关寨镇和新场乡南部;四等(较缺乏)土壤面积为3.88km^(2),占全区耕地面积的3.35%,主要分布在新场乡、关寨镇、牂牁镇和月亮河乡,其余区域零星分布;五等(缺乏)土壤面积为0.17km^(2),占全区耕地面积的0.15%,主要分布于新场乡、关寨镇、牂牁镇和月亮河乡。【结论】六枝特区耕地土壤肥力总体较好,但部分乡镇个别营养缺乏,其中牛场乡、新华镇、龙河镇、岩脚镇西面、牂牁镇和中寨镇等乡镇应加强对磷肥的补充,在关寨镇、牂牁镇和郎岱镇应加强对钾肥的补充。【Objective】The abundant-deficient status of soil nutrient in cultivated land of Liuzhi Special District in Guizhou Province is explored to provide the scientific basis for the distribution and plan of agricultural production in Liuzhi Special District.【Method】The content of soil total N,available N,total P,available P,total K,available K,organic matters and other nutrients are determined by using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,capacity method and forest soil series determination method,and geochemistry single index and comprehensive nutrient of each soil nutrient indexes content are evaluated according to the second national soil nutrient geochemistry classification standard and land quality geochemistry evaluation standard.【Result】The overall soil fertility of cultivated land in Liuzhi Special District is medium to abundant.The status of nutrient content including total N/available N,total P/available P,total K/available K and organic matters is integrated,the soil area of first-class soil integrated fertility(abundant)is 64.77 km^(2),accounting for 8.39%of total cultivated land in all district,mainly distributed in towns and townships of Niuchang,Xinchang,Suoga,Xinhua,Longhe,Dayong,Zhongzhai and Langdai,and Tashan Street to Jiulong Street.The soil area of second-class soil integrated fertility(relatively abundant)is519.13 km^(2),accounting for 67.27%of total cultivated land in all district,distributed in most towns and townships except Xinchang Township,Guanzhai Town,Xinyao Town,Yuelianghe Township,Zhongzhai Town and Zangke Town.The soil area of third-class soil integrated fertility(medium)is 24.11 km^(2),accounting for 20.84%of total cultivated land in all district,mainly distributed in Yuelianghe Township,Zangke Town,Guanzhai Town and south of Xinchang Township.The soil area of fourth-class soil integrated fertility(relatively deficient)is 3.88 km^(2),accounting for 3.35%of total cultivated land in all district,mainly distributed in Xinchang Township,Guanzhai Town,Zangke Town and Yuelianghe Towns

关 键 词：耕地 土壤养分 地球化学等级 土壤肥力 六枝特区 贵州 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]