遮荫对东北铁线莲生长、生理特性及质量的影响  

Effects of Shading on Growth, Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Clematis manshurica

作　　者：韩忠明 田新 张福军 王云贺 韩梅 杨利民 HAN Zhongming;TIAN Xin;ZHANG Fujun;WANG Yunhe;HAN Mei;YANG Limin(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Breeding Base of State Key La-boratory of JLP-MOST for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management,Changchun 130118,China;Dehui No.19 Middle School,Changchun 130325,China;Forestry Working Station of Taiwang Town in Ji′an,Ji′an 134200,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,省部共建生态恢复与生态系统管理国家重点实验室培育基地,长春130118 [2]德惠市第十九中学,长春130325 [3]集安市太王镇林业工作站,集安134200

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2021年第3期303-309,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术研究规划项目(JJKH20190936KJ);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JLT2020-22,JLT2021-03);吉林省标准化战略科研专项(BZKY1902);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：以3年生东北铁线莲为试验材料,设置全光照、30%遮荫2个不同处理,研究遮荫对东北铁线莲株高、茎粗、生物量、保护酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)及齐墩果酸含量的影响,探讨东北铁线莲对不同光照强度的生理响应机制。结果表明:遮荫促进东北铁线莲株高的生长,限制了茎粗生长和生物量积累。遮荫初期,不同处理下超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛含量均呈增加趋势,30%遮荫处理下SOD、POD、CAT 3种酶活性低于全光照处理;全光照条件下,丙二醛(MDA)含量7月20日达到最高值,显著高于遮荫处理。进入8月之后,全光照条件下,SOD酶活性在9月5日出现最高值,CAT酶活性在8月20日达到最高,MDA含量相对比较稳定;而在遮荫条件下,8月20日之后,SOD和CAT酶活性一直下降;而POD酶活性9月5日下降到最低点之后开始上升;9月5日MDA含量最高。7月5日至7月20日东北铁线莲齐墩果酸含量较高,并且与MDA含量呈显著正相关;植物进入生长末期,2种处理东北铁线莲体内齐墩果酸相对比较稳定,但均呈下降趋势。因此,在东北铁线莲栽培过程中,若不采收种子,建议在8月末至9月初进行采收,此时收获的东北铁线莲药材质量较高。Take three-year-old C. manshurica as experimental materials, the effects of shading on plant height, stem diameter, biomass, protective enzymes activities, and malondialdehyde(MDA) and oleanolic acid content of C. manshurica under two treatments including full intensity and 30% of shading were studied in order to clarify the physiological response mechanism of C. mandshurica to different light intensity. The results showed that shading promoted plant height growth, but limited plant stem diameter growth and biomass accumulation. Superoxyde dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activities and malondialdehyde(MDA) content increased under the two treatments during early experimental stage, however, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in 30% shading treatment were lower than those under full light intensity. Under full light intensity treatment, MDA content was the highest on July 20, which was significantly higher than that under 30% shading treatment. SOD and CAT activities under full light intensity treatment were the highest on September 5 and August 20, respectively, and MDA content was stable after August. The activities of SOD and CAT decreased under 30% shading treatment, and POD activity was the lowest on September 5 and then increased after that;MDA content was the highest on September 5. Oleanolic acid content of C. manshurica was higher from July 5 to July 20, and positively correlated with MDA content. Oleanolic acid content was stable under the two treatments and both decreased slowly after August 20. In the cultivation process of Clematis mandshurica, if the seeds were not harvested, the optimum harvest time was from the end of August to the beginning of September, when the quality of C. manshurica was good.

关 键 词：东北铁线莲 遮荫 保护酶 丙二醛 齐墩果酸 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培] Q945.79[农业科学—作物学]