除氢材料在高真空多层绝热设备中维持高真空行为研究  

Research on Maintaining High Vacuum in High Vacuum Multilayer Insulation Equipment of Hydrogen Getters

作　　者：于洋 朱鸣[2] 陈叔平[1] 古纯霖 张波[2] 黄宇巍 YU Yang;ZHU Ming;CHEN Shuping;GU Chunlin;ZHANG Bo;HUANG Yuwei(College of Petroleum and Chemical,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;College of Energy and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,兰州730050 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [3]郑州轻工业大学能源与动力工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第14期14035-14039,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805601)。

摘　　要：高真空多层绝热低温设备夹层内的绝热材料及金属材料会向真空夹层内释放出氢气,导致绝热真空恶化,严重影响设备的绝热性能。本工作搭建了吸氢材料吸气性能测试实验装置,通过测量已知夹层体积内真空度随时间的变化,对比分析了Ag-Z型银吸气剂和高效催化除氢剂(ECG)的吸气性能,并获得了两种吸氢材料的吸附等温曲线。研究表明,两种吸氢材料的吸附过程均符合BDDT理论中的第一种类型,即Langmuir吸附。本实验采用定容法测得Ag-Z型银吸气剂累计吸气量为63.084 mL/g,平均吸气速率为0.132 mL/(g·h)。ECG累计吸气量为366.276 mL/g,平均吸气速率为1.353 mL/(g·h),分别是Ag-Z型银吸气剂的5.81倍和10.25倍。两组实验中平均吸气速率均随着加注氢气初始压力的升高而先增加后降低。两种除氢材料最大吸附速率均发生在第一次加氢初始阶段,平衡压力均随加注氢气的初始压力增大而升高。实验结果为两类吸氢材料在低温设备储运行业的应用提供了依据。The insulation materials and metal materials in high vacuum multilayer insulation cryogenic equipment released hydrogen into the interlayer for a long time,which led to the deterioration of the insulation vacuum and seriously affect the insulation performance of the container.In this paper,an experimental device was set up through testing the change of vacuum degree,then compared the adsorption performance of Ag-Z getter and high efficiency composite hydrogen getter(ECG).The adsorption isotherm curves of hydrogen getters were obtained.The research defined that the adsorption process of hydrogen getters accords with the first type of BDDT theory,namely Langmuir adsorption.The cumulative insulation capacity of Ag-Z getter was 63.084 mL/g,and the average adsorption rate was 0.132 mL/(g·h).And ECG was 366.276 mL/g and 1.353 mL/(g·h),which was 5.81 times and 10.25 times of Ag-Z getter,respectively.Moreover,with the increased of initial H_(2) pressure the average adsorption rate of each group increased and then decreased.The maximum adsorption rate of the two hydrogen getters occurred in the first hydrogenation,and the equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen getters increased with the initial pressure of H_(2).The experimental results provi-ded a basis for the application of two kinds of hydrogen getters in cryogenic equipment and transportation industry.

关 键 词：高真空多层绝热 吸氢材料 吸气性能 绝热性能 高效催化除氢剂(ECG) Ag-Z型银吸气剂 吸附等温曲线 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学] TQ424[理学—化学]