圈养野生动物发酵床构建及技术应用——以山魈为例  

Construction and Application of Fermentation Bed for Captive Wild Animals:A Case of Mandrillus sphinx

作　　者：耿广耀[1] 朱迎娣 王爱善[1] GENG Guangyao;ZHU Yingdi;WANG Aishan(Shanghai Zoo,Shanghai,200335,China)

机构地区：[1]上海动物园,上海200335

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2021年第3期831-835,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：上海市绿化和市容管理局科技攻关项目(JB100404)。

摘　　要：以上海动物园圈养的山魈(Mandrillus sphinx)为例,利用绿化修剪的树干等制作发酵床垫料,构建动物展区发酵床模型。通过比较普通饲养环境与发酵床饲养环境中山魈健康状况和笼舍的温湿度、有毒有害气体、日劳动量、能源消耗等,探讨发酵床技术在野生动物饲养管理中的构建及其应用模式。研究发现:生活在有发酵床与无发酵床笼舍的山魈的血常规、血清等健康指标无显著差异。发酵床技术的应用可以代替传统取暖方式为笼舍供暖,同时也大大节省了饲养员劳动量和笼舍耗水量。该技术是将树枝、树干等绿化垃圾作为发酵床垫料,垫料更换后又可用作绿化肥料,实现了绿化垃圾循环利用。试验证明,圈养野生动物发酵床技术是一种健康低碳环保的新型饲养管理技术。In this study,we used green wastes(such as branches and trunks)as substrate to establish a model of fermentation bed for captive wildlife,for instance,Mandrillus sphinx in Shanghai Zoo.The construction and application modes of fermentation bed technology in wildlife were studied by comparing the healthy status of M.sphinx and the differences in environmental conditions(temperature,humidity,toxic and harmful gas,routine blood and biochemistry index)between common feeding management and fermentation-bed model.Results showed that the M.sphinx living in fermentation bed and non-fermentation bed have no significant differences in routine blood and biochemistry index.The application of fermentation bed in M.sphinx can replace the traditional heating method to heat the cage,greatly saving the working load and reducing water consumption.The replaced green wastes can be used as green fertilizer,which realizes the recycling of green waste through fermentation bed.In conclusion,the fermentation bed is a healthy,low-carbon and environmentally friendly new feeding and management technology for captive wildlife.

关 键 词：发酵床 山魈 饲养管理 绿化垃圾 

分 类 号：S864.5[农业科学—野生动物驯养]