气道上皮细胞在哮喘肺部炎症中的屏障作用和免疫调节作用  

Barrier Function and Immunomodulatory Effects of Airway Epithelial Cells in Asthmatic Pulmonary Inflammation

作　　者：柴园园 徐佳雨 刘莉[1] CHAI Yuanyuan;XU Jiayu;LIU Li(Xi′an Medical University,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院,西安710021

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第13期2509-2515,共7页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31801083);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20180311);西安医学院博士科研启动基金项目(2018DOC03);西安医学院省级大学生创新创业训练项目(201825030)。

摘　　要：气道上皮作为一种封闭的自清洁屏障,可阻止吸入的变应原、病原体和其他有害物质渗透到体内。哮喘状态下,上皮细胞功能受到变态反应的损害,削弱了气道上皮的屏障功能,使其易受变应原渗透以及细菌和病毒感染的影响。随后,上皮细胞释放大量的趋化因子和细胞因子,不仅可诱导急性炎症反应,还可调节随后的固有免疫和适应性免疫反应。其中,上皮趋化因子胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素、白细胞介素(IL)-25、IL-33在哮喘发病进展过程中发挥重要的调节作用。因此,气道上皮细胞处于哮喘形成、进展和急性加重过程的中心位置,深入理解其屏障和免疫调节作用,可为哮喘的发病机制及诊治方法提供新思路。The airway epithelium represents a sealed,self-cleaning barrier,which can prohibit penetration of inhaled allergens,pathogens and other noxious agents into the body.In case of asthma,all these functions are impaired by the already existing allergic immune response that per se weakens the barrier integrity and self-cleaning abilities of the airway epithelium,making it more vulnerable to the penetration of allergens as well as infection by bacteria and viruses.Subsequently,these cells release a great quantity of chemokines and cytokines which not only induce an acute inflammatory reaction but also regulate the subsequent innate and adaptive immune responses.Among them,epithelial derived cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin,interleukin(IL)-25 and IL-33 play important regulatory roles in the progression of asthma.Thus,the airway epithelium is in the center of processes that lead to formation,progression and acute exacerbation of asthma.Further understanding of its barrier and immunomodulatory effects will provide new insights into the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of asthma.

关 键 词：哮喘 气道上皮细胞 肺部炎症 屏障作用 免疫调节 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]