长江口外岛礁高程基准传递方法研究  

Research on transference method of height datum of islands and reefs in Changjiang Estuary

作　　者：吴敬文 潘与佳 张美富 WU Jingwen;PAN Yujia;ZHANG Meifu(Changjiang River Estuary Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey,Bureau of Hydrology of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Estuarine and Oceanographic Mapping,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Ocean Monitoring and Forecasting Center,Shanghai 200050,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海200136 [2]上海河口海洋测绘工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海市海洋监测预报中心,上海200050

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第7期120-123,共4页Yangtze River

基　　金：上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科2020-07)。

摘　　要：在近海岛礁上建立起稳定可靠的高程基准具有重要的意义。目前主要采用GNSS水准的方法进行近海岛礁高程传递,但存在方法较单一且精度难以评估的问题。研究了在长江口区域采用高精度的GNSS水准数据,采用不同的方法和模型拟合长江口区域高程异常的分布,计算出长江口外岛礁上控制点的高程异常,实现长江口外岛礁的高程传递。实例研究表明:在长江口地区,可优先采用基于EGM2008重力场模型和“移去-恢复”原理对高程异常分布进行二次曲面拟合的方法进行高程传递;在已知海面地形的分布且具备长期潮位观测资料的条件下,也可采用同步水位法进行高程传递。It is of great significance to establish a stable and reliable height datum on the offshore islands and reefs.At present,the GNSS leveling method is mainly used to transfer the elevation datum of offshore islands and reefs,but the accuracy is difficult to evaluate.We use the high-precision GNSS leveling data in the Changjiang estuary region to fit the distribution of abnormal height in the Changjiang estuary by different models methods,obtaining the abnormal height of the control points on the islands,which realizes the height transference of the islands in the Changjiang estuary.The example shows that the quadric surface fitting method based on the EGM2008 global gravity field model and the principle of“remove-recovery”is preferred in elevation transference in the Changjiang River Estuary.If the distribution of sea surface topography and the long-term tide level observation data are available,the synchronous water level method can also be used for height transference.

关 键 词：高程基准 GNSS水准 高程异常 EGM2008 移去-恢复 海面地形 长江口 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] P312[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]