超声纵波换能器用于平测时的测距修正方法研究  

Study on Determining Correction Distance of Ultrasonic Longitudinal Wave Transducers Used in Indirect Transmission Method

作　　者：杨予[1] 包挺 王毅 徐浩 YANG Yu;BAO Ting;WANG Yi;XU Hao(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《计量学报》2021年第6期738-744,共7页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部项目(2016-K5-045)。

摘　　要：研究了超声纵波换能器用于平测时的测距修正方法。首先,根据弹性波理论分析了利用平测布置代替对测布置测量波速时的实际物理意义;然后,分析了两种换能器布置方式的真实传播距离并通过设计混凝土试件切割-测量实验进行了两种布置方式的声时对比;最后,根据实验数据在对测回归直线方程的基础上提出了计算换能器平测布置修正测距的最小二乘法。实验结果表明:按平测声时和修正测距求出的波速与对测波速误差小于2%。结论是平测布置可在一定条件下替代对测布置测量波速,但应通过实验来确定换能器之间的测距修正值,且应在实际应用中保持实验中的测量参数以保证所求修正测距的有效性。The method of determining the correction distance when ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducers are used in indirect transmission arrangement is discussed.Firstly,according to the theory of elastic wave,the actual physical meaning of using the indirect transmission arrangement to measure wave velocity instead of the direct transmission arrangement is analyzed.Secondly,the actual propagation distance of the two arrangements are analyzed and transit times of the two arrangements are compared through a designed cutting-measurement experiment on a concrete specimen.Lastly,linear regression equation is obtained from the experimental data of the indirect transmission arrangement and the least square method is proposed to calculate the correction distance for the indirect transmission arrangement.The experiment results show that the difference between the wave velocity calculated with the correction distance and the wave velocity measured with direct transmission arrangement is less than 2%.The conclusion is the indirect transmission arrangement can be used to measure wave velocity instead of the direct transmission arrangement under certain condition.However,the correction distance should be determined from experiments,and measurement parameters in the experiments should be kept in practice to ensure the effectiveness of the correction distance.

关 键 词：计量学 测距修正 平测法 真实传播距离 超声纵波换能器 

分 类 号：TB92[一般工业技术—计量学] TB95[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]