警惕诺如病毒的流行及暴发  

Be on the Alert for Norovirus Epidemics and Outbreaks

作　　者：周梦兰 王瑶 徐英春 吴洁 伊洁 孙芳艳[2] 陈雨 ZHOU Menglan;WANG Yao;XU Yingchun;WU Jie;YI jie;SUN Fangyan;CHEN Yu(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Key Clinical Specialty,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Infection Control,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院检验科北京市临床重点专科,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院医院感染管理处,北京100730

出　　处：《协和医学杂志》2021年第4期433-437,共5页Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

基　　金：国家重点研发计划:新发和重大食源性疾病标准化诊断、调查及处置技术体系研究(2017YFC1601502);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程:重要新发突发传染病生物安全基础与防控技术研究(2016⁃I2M⁃1⁃014)。

摘　　要：诺如病毒(norovirus,NV)是一种线性单链正向RNA病毒,是引起人急性胃肠炎流行和暴发的主要病原体,其传播途径复杂,低载量即可引起感染。现有实验室检测方法多样,包括直接电镜检测法、免疫检测法和分子生物学检测法。警惕NV的流行及暴发、规范病例管理、保持手卫生、清洁消毒环境、开展健康教育是NV感染防控的关键。Norovirus is a linear single⁃stranded positive⁃sense RNA virus.It is one of the main pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis in humans.The transmission route of norovirus infection is complex,along with a low infection dose.Currently there are different laboratory⁃based detection methods,including direct microsco⁃py,immunological assay,and molecular biology test.Being on the alert for norovirus epidemics and outbreaks,regulating patient management,hand hygiene,implementation of cleaning and disinfection measures,and health education are the key points of prevention and control of norovirus infection.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 流行病学 传播特征 感染防控 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学] R446.5[医药卫生—临床医学]