中老年女性颈动脉斑块发生及稳定性相关危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors related to the occurrence and stability of carotid plaque in middle-aged and elderly women

作　　者：郭丹丹 曹丽[2] 张凯[2] 周贵明[1] GUO Dan-dan;CAO Li;ZHANG Kai;ZHOU Gui-ming(Department of Ultrasound,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China;Department of Health Care,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院超声科,300052 [2]天津医科大学总医院保健医疗部,300052

出　　处：《天津医药》2021年第7期719-722,共4页Tianjin Medical Journal

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(18KPHDSF00120)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中老年女性发生颈动脉斑块的危险因素,并对影响斑块发生及斑块稳定性的相关因素进行分析。方法选择2016年3月—2018年3月于天津医科大学总医院门诊就诊的45~80岁中老年女性,均行颈动脉超声检查,观察内-中膜厚度及斑块特征,并根据有无斑块分成斑块组和无斑块组;根据斑块的特征,将有斑块者分成稳定斑块组和不稳定斑块组。收集患者的临床资料、实验室检查结果以及颈动脉超声检查结果,分析颈动脉斑块形成的影响因素。结果本研究共纳入中老年女性954例,平均(62.24±13.24)岁。与无斑块组相比,斑块组的年龄、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、收缩压均较高(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,较高水平的LDL-C、高龄以及绝经是中老年女性颈动脉斑块形成的独立危险因素;稳定斑块组的LDL-C明显低于不稳定斑块组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,较高水平的LDL-C是影响斑块稳定性的独立危险因素。结论中老年女性颈动脉斑块的发生与年龄、LDL-C及绝经有关,并且LDL-C水平影响颈动脉斑块的稳定性。Objective To explore the risk factors of carotid plaques in middle-aged and old women,and to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence and stability of plaque.Methods From March 2016 to March 2018,middle-aged and old women aged 45-80 years old were selected from the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University.Carotid artery ultrasonography was performed to observe the intima-media thickness and plaque characteristics.According to the presence or absence of plaque,the patients were divided into plaque group(n=403)and non plaque group(n=551).According to the characteristics of plaque,patients with plaque were divided into two groups:stable plaque group(n=305)and unstable plaque group(n=98).The clinical data,laboratory test results and carotid ultrasound results were collected.The influencing factors of carotid plaque formation were analyzed.Results A total of 954 middle-aged and elderly women were included in this study,with an average of(62.24±13.24)years old.Compared with non plaque group,age,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher in plaque group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis found that age,LDL-C and menopause were independent risk factors of carotid plaque formation in middle-aged and elderly women.LDL-C was significantly lower in stable plaque group than that in unstable plaque group(P<0.05).Analysis showed that the higher LDL-C was an independent risk factor for plaque stability.Conclusion Age,LDL-C and menopause are related to the occurrence of carotid plaques in middle-aged and old women,and LDL-C level affects the stability of carotid plaques.

关 键 词：斑块 动脉粥样硬化 超声检查 颈动脉内-中膜厚度 脂蛋白类 LDL 危险因素 绝经期 

分 类 号：R543.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]