黄河故道地区不同培肥方式对耕地质量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizing Patterns on Cultivated Land Quality in the Ancient Channel Region of the Yellow River

作　　者：王甫同 张亚楠 秦光蔚[2] 洪立洲 邢锦城[2] 刘冲[2] WANG Fu-tong;ZHANG Ya-nan;QIN Guang-wei;HONG Li-zhou;XING Jin-cheng;LIU Chong(Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve,Rare Birds.Yancheng 224057,PRC;Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province,Yancheng 224002,PRC;Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng,Yancheng 224049,PRC)

机构地区：[1]江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区,江苏盐城224057 [2]江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏盐城224002 [3]盐城市新洋农业试验站,江苏盐城224049

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2021年第6期30-33,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：在黄河故道土壤贫瘠地区开展种植绿肥并于下季翻压(P1)以及增施有机肥(P2)的田间试验,比较2种培肥方式对土壤总孔隙度、土壤有机质、土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、土壤微生物量氮及土壤微生物群落功能的影响。结果表明:2种培肥方式均可提高土壤总孔隙度,其中P1处理在这方面的效果要优于P2处理;2种培肥方式均可提高土壤有机质及土壤养分含量,其中增施有机肥7.50 t/hm^(2)(P2-2)的处理土壤有机质含量提高11.9%,培肥效果最好,且总体上P2处理在这方面的效果要优于P1;2种培肥方式下土壤微生物量氮含量及土壤微生物群落物种丰富度指数均呈现上升的趋势,其中P1处理土壤微生物量氮含量提高了39.5%,物种丰富度指数提高了24.8%,其效果优于P2。综上所述,要达到黄河故道地区耕地质量提升的目的,前期应采取增施有机肥7.50 t/hm^(2)的措施快速改土培肥,后期应结合种植翻压绿肥和增施有机肥,在提升耕地质量的同时实现较高经济产量,取得较好经济效益。A field plot experiment was conducted in the poor soil area of the old Yellow River(Jiepai Town,Binhai County)to study the effects of P1(planting ryegrass,then turning it over and pressing into soil in the next season)and P2(increasing the application of organic fertilizer)on the soil total porosity,soil organic matter,soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium,soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil microbial community function.The results were as follows:(1)The total porosity of soil could be increased by the two fertilizing methods.P1 increased the total soil porosity by 15.5%,which was better than P2.(2)The contents of soil organic matter and soil nutrients were increased by the two fertilizing methods.P2-2(organic fertilizer:7.50 t/hm^(2))increased the content of soil organic matter by 11.9%,achieving the best fertilizing effect;P2 was overall better than P1.(3)The content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen and species richness index of soil microbial community showed an upward trend by the two fertilizing methods.Especially in P1 treatment,the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen increased by 39.5%,and the species richness index increased by 24.8%,which was better than P2.Therefore,in order to improve the quality of cultivated land in the ancient channel region of the Yellow River,increasing the application of organic fertilizer should be adopted in the early stage to improve the soil fertility;in the later stage,it should plant and turn over green manure combined with increasing the application of organic fertilizer for higher economic yields and benefits.

关 键 词：黄河故道地区 增施有机肥 种植翻压绿肥 土壤养分 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]