基于遥感生态指数的神东矿区1995-2020年生态环境质量的时空变化特征分析  

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Eco-environmental Benefits in Shenfu-Dongsheng Mining Area During 1995-2020 Based on RSEI

作　　者：李蕊 陈国清 李玮贤 蒙荣 王明玖 郭洋楠[3] Li Rui;Chen Guoqing;Li Weixian;Meng Rong;Wang Mingjiu;Guo Yangnan(College of Desert Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;Technical Research Institute of Shenhua Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.,Yulin,Shaanxi 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]神华神东煤炭集团有限公司技术研究所,陕西榆林719315

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2021年第3期143-151,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：神东科技创新项目“神东采煤沉陷区治理整地措施技术与效益研究”(CSIEZB170303962);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项项目“内蒙古典型矿区土壤和植被修复重建及保护关键技术研究”(2020ZD0020-3)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析神东矿区1995—2020年生态环境质量时变化特征,为改善该区域生态环境提供科学依据。[方法]基于1995—2020年6期Landsat 5 TM及Landsat 8 OLI数据,利用主成分分析法,选用干度指标(NDSI)、绿度指标(NDVI)、热度指标(LST)、湿度指标(WET)构建遥感生态指数(RSEI)。运用重分类将RSEI分为5级,按照重心迁移方法分析RSEIⅠ—Ⅴ等级的重心迁移情况,并分析RSEI的空间变化规律,实现利用RSEI对神东矿区的生态环境质量的动态监测和评价。[结果]①神东矿区在1995—2020年生态环境状况明显提升,其中呈上升趋势的面积占矿区总面积的42.22%,绿度、干度指标对矿区生态环境质量影响较大。②矿区生态环境质量各级土地利用类型以草地、耕地为主,且生态环境质量变化受耕地、草地面积变化影响较大。③矿区生态环境质量主要以Ⅱ,Ⅲ级为主,Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅴ级迁移幅度较大且重心整体向矿区西南、西北方向迁移。[结论]1995—2020年神东矿区生态环境质量呈现总体上升态势,受植被生长情况和人类活动因素影响较大。[Objective]The change characteristics of eco-environmental quality in the Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area during 1995—2020 were analyzed,in order to provide a scientific basis for improving the ecological environment of the region.[Methods]Principle component analysis was used to create the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)based on dryness index(NDSI),greenness index(NDVI),heat index(LST),and humidity index(WET)obtained from Landsat 5 TM data and Landsat 8 OLI data(1995—2020).RSEI was divided into five grades by reclassification,and the center of gravity migration of RSEI gradesⅠ—Ⅴwas analyzed according to the center of gravity migration method.The spatial change law of RSEI was analyzed in order to determine the dynamic monitoring and evaluation of eco-environmental quality of the Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area by using RSEI.[Results]①The ecological environment of the Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area significantly improved from 1995 to 2020,and the area showing an upward trend accounted for 42.22%of the total area of the mining area.The greenness and dryness indicators had a greater impact on the eco-environmental quality of the mining area.②Grassland and cultivated land were the main land use types of eco-environmental quality in the mining area,and the change in eco-environmental quality was greatly affected by the change of cultivated land and grassland area.③The eco-environmental quality of the mining area was based mainly on gradesⅡandⅢ.The migration ranges of gradesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅤwere relatively large,and the center of gravity migrated to the southwest and northwest of the mining area.[Conclusion]The eco-environmental quality of the Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area showed an overall upward trend from 1995 to 2020,and this trend was greatly affected by vegetation growth and human activities.

关 键 词：神东矿区 遥感生态指数 生态环境 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826