2009-2018年内蒙古地表水面积的时空变化及其影响因素  

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Surface Water Area and Its Influencing Factors in Inner Mongolia During 2009-2018

作　　者：顺布日 青松[1,2] 包玉海 赵文静[3] Shun Buri;Qing Song;Bao Yuhai;Zhao Wenjing(College of Geographical Sciences,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010022,China;Inner Mongolian Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geography Information System,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010022,China;South China of Institute of Environment Science,MEE,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510535,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所近岸海域环境研究中心,广东广州510535

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2021年第3期312-319,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于无人机高光谱的乌梁素海不同季节水生植物种类识别方法研究”(41961057);“基于高光谱遥感的藻华生消过程不同阶段判别方法研究:以乌梁素海为例”(61461034);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019MS04013);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划项目(NJYT-17-B04)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究内蒙古自治区各盟(市)地表水面积变化,分析其变化与自然因素和人类活动之间的相关性,为内蒙古地区生态环境保护以及修复研究和水资源管理提供依据。[方法]首先确定归一化水体差异指数(NDWI)来提取地表水分布范围,其次通过统计7种地物类型光谱指数的统计量来确定初始阈值,最后在最佳阈值下提取2009—2018年期间内蒙古地表水并统计面积分析其时空变化特征和影响因素。[结果]2009—2013年阶段内蒙古地表水面积连续增加(slope=247 km^(2)/a);2013—2017年阶段地表水面积急剧减少(slope=150 km^(2)/a);在2018年面积回升到最高点。研究期间各盟(市)地表水面积变化规律和趋势以及影响地表水面积的自然因素或人为因素均有所不同。[结论]年降水量和河流的径流量变化是内蒙古部分盟(市)地表水变化的主要原因之一(阿拉善盟、巴彦淖尔市等)。建造水库,填埋河流及耕地是另一部分盟(市)地表水变化的主要原因(乌海市、呼和浩特市、锡林郭勒盟等)。[Objective]The surface water area changes in various cities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were studied,and the correlation between the changes and natural factors and human activities was analyzed,in order to provide a basis for ecological environmental protection and restoration research and water resource management in Inner Mongolia.[Methods]Firstly,normalized difference water index(NDWI)was determined to extract surface water distribution range.Secondly,the initial threshold was determined from statistics of the spectral indexes of seven surface feature types.Finally,the surface water of Inner Mongolia during 2009—2018 was extracted under the optimal threshold,and the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and influencing factors were analyzed by statistical area.[Results]From^(2)009 to 2013,the surface water area of Inner Mongolia increased continuously(slope=247 km^(2)/year);from^(2)013 to 2015,the surface water area decreased sharply(slope=150 km^(2)/year);in 2018,the area rose to the highest point.During the study period,the change law and trend of the surface water area and the natural or human factors affecting the surface water area were different for different league(cities).[Conclusion]The variation of annual precipitation and of river runoff was one of the main reasons for the variation of surface water in some Inner Mongolia League cities,such as Alxa League and BayanNur City.Construction of reservoirs,landfill of rivers and cultivated land were the main causes of surface water changes in some cities,such as Wuhai City,Hohhot City,and Xilingol League.

关 键 词：地表水 内蒙古 遥感 HJ-1A/B卫星数据 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]