一种低轨卫星星座测控地面站调度策略研究  

Research on schedule strategy of ground stations for LEO satellites

作　　者：安元元 李伟超[1,2] 王伟[1,2] 杨旭海[1,2] 韦沛[1,2,3] 王霄 AN Yuan-yuan;LI Wei-chao;WANG Wei;YANG Xu-hai;WEI Pei;WANG Xiao(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院精密导航定位与定时技术重点实验室,西安710600 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2021年第2期120-131,共12页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：北斗专项重点资助项目(Y616ZF2S00);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员资助项目(1188000LWC)。

摘　　要：随着不同用途低轨星座快速发展,低轨星座对地面站的需求越来越强烈。根据任务需求和约束,需要对低轨卫星测控地面站资源调度采取最优的策略。本论文主要针对特定的低轨卫星Walker星座,研究遥测、遥控及数据传递等测控任务的最优调度,调度的基本条件是优先观测亟待数据更新的卫星。根据上述测控原则,本文提出了两种调度策略:1.优先选择俯仰角高的卫星;2.优先选择可视弧段长的卫星。现有4个测控地面站,分别为:长春、喀什、昆明、西安,每站均为单天线(同时只能观测一颗卫星),通过仿真,验证两种策略优势,结果表明:虽然两种策略都可实现对地面站的调度,但策略2可避免天线频繁切换操作,策略2在实际应用上优于策略1,更适合于实际卫星测控任务。Recently,with the rapid development of low-orbit constellations for various purposes,the requirements of ground stations are also increased.According to mission requirements and constraints,it is necessary to find an optimal strategy for the resource scheduling of ground stations used for telemetry,track and command(TT&C).This paper focuses on the schedule strategy of ground stations to track of the specific low-orbit satellites,i.e.,Walker constellation,for the purpose of TT&C,data transmission and other measurements.The basic principle of scheduling is to give high priority to the satellites that are in urgent need of data transfer.According to such principle,two schemes are proposed:(1)selecting the satellite with the highest elevation angle.(2)selecting the satellite with the longest continuous observation time.There are currently four ground stations:Changchun,Kashi,Kunming,and Xi’an,all of which are equipped with single antenna.The properties of the two schemes are studied through simulation and the result shows that:although both of the two schemes can achieve the scheduling aim,the antennas switch frequency of scheme 2 is lower than that of scheme 1.Therefore,in general,the scheme 2 is better than the scheme 1.

关 键 词：低轨卫星 遥测遥控地面站 资源调度 优化仿真 

分 类 号：V556[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]