影响变应性鼻炎舌下免疫治疗依从性的因素分析  

Compliance evaluation of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis

作　　者：朱鲁平[1] 隗萍[1] 林旸[1] 祁睿[1] ZHU Luping;WEI Ping;LIN Yang;QI Rui(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210011,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,南京210011

出　　处：《中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志》2021年第3期205-208,共4页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology in Integrative Medicine

基　　金：南京市卫计委科技发展基金(2018-183)。

摘　　要：目的调查变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者进行标准化粉尘螨舌下特异性免疫治疗(sublingual immunotherapy,SLIT)12个月的依从性的影响因素。方法对2017年08月至2018年12月在我院首次进行SLIT治疗的中-重度持续性AR患者进行随访,调查患者治疗12个月的依从性,分析影响依从性的因素。结果共计162例患者中,78例患者(48.15%)在治疗12个月内中止治疗;患者自评的停止治疗的原因前三位分别是:疗效欠佳(33.33%),自觉症状好转(30.77%)以及无法坚持(21.79%)。治疗12个月内局部不良反应的发生率为3.70%,(6/162例),主要表现为口舌麻木感;发生全身轻度不良反应者8.64%(14/162例),全身不良反应类型以咳嗽或轻度喘息、荨麻疹、湿疹、瘙痒为主,不良反应多发生在治疗6个月内。结论粉尘螨SLIT治疗的依从性欠佳,患者提前结束治疗的主要原因是自觉疗效不佳和疗程长难以坚持,不良反应并非退出的主要因素。Objective To investigate the compliance of sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT)with standardized Dermatophagoides-farinae(Derf)extract in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in the first 12 months.Methods The patients with persistent and moderate to severe AR who received Derf-SLIT for the first time were surveyed.The influence factors for the compliance were recorded.Results In the 162 AR patients,78 cases(48.15%to total patients)withdrew within12 months.The most common three reasons of withdrawal were poor effect(33.33%),improvement in symptoms(30.77%)and lack of persistence(21.79%).3.70%of the patients(6 cases in total 162 patients)had local adverse reaction,and the symptoms were numbness in mouth and tongue.8.64% of the patients(14 cases in total 162 patients)had body adverse reaction.The major types of adverse reaction were cough,urticaria,eczema,pruritus.Most adverse reactions took place within 6 months.Conclusions The compliance of Derf-SLIT was not so well,the major reasons of withdrawing were poor effect and lack of persistence,instead of adverse reactions.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 舌下 免疫治疗 依从性 不良反应 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]