基于多重分形谱的交流输电线路故障识别方法  

A fault identification method of an AC transmission line based on a multifractal spectrum

作　　者：李小鹏 丁宣文 束洪春[2] 安娜[2] 董俊[2] 田鑫萃[2] 张雪飞 代月 LI Xiaopeng;DING Xuanwen;SHU Hongchun;AN Na;DONG Jun;TIAN Xincui;ZHANG Xuefei;DAI Yue(State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院,四川成都610041 [2]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《电力系统保护与控制》2021年第14期1-10,共10页Power System Protection and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(U1202233);国网四川省电力公司科技项目资助(521997180013)。

摘　　要：通过对高压交流输电系统的区内、区外故障的仿真计算和分析发现:交流输电线路阻波器和母线对地电容形成的实体物理边界对高频信号具有衰减作用,使得区外故障时量测端的故障电压高频分量含量低,在不同时间段内质量分布概率相对均匀。而区内故障时,量测端的故障电压高频分量含量高,在不同时间段内质量分布概率不均匀。因此利用短时窗内线路单侧故障相电压计算每次分割形成的多重分形集上各个子集质量概率分布的不均匀程度Δα来识别区内外故障。该方法仅利用单端电压就可以实现区内、外故障的判别,不受通道的影响,可靠性高,具有较大的工程意义。通过大量的PSCAD仿真实验分析得出,此方法可靠性高,耐受过渡电阻能力强,对不同故障类型和远端高阻均有较好的判别能力。Simulation and analysis of the internal and external faults of a high-voltage AC transmission system shows that the physical boundary formed by the AC transmission line wave trap and the bus-to-ground capacitance has an attenuation effect on the high-frequency signal.This makes the high-frequency component of the fault voltage at the measuring terminal at external fault low,and the probability of mass distribution is relatively uniform in different time periods.When a fault occurs in the area,the high-frequency component of the fault voltage at the measuring terminal is high,and the probability of mass distribution is uneven in different time periods.Therefore,the non-uniformityΔαof the quality probability distribution of each subset on the multifractal set formed by each division is calculated using the single-side fault phase voltage of the line within the short-time window to identify the internal and external faults.This method can distinguish between internal and external faults by only using a single-ended voltage,is not affected by the channel,has high reliability,and has great engineering significance.Through a large number of PSCAD simulation experiments,it is concluded that this method has high reliability,strong ability to withstand transition resistance,and has a good ability to distinguish different fault types and remote high resistance.

关 键 词：交流输电系统 多重分型谱 质量分布概率 故障判别 远端高阻 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]