传统医药知识保护的困境与出路--以印度阿育吠陀为样本的考察  

The Dilemma and Solution of the Protection of Traditional Medicine Knowledge:A Sample Study of Ayurveda in India

作　　者：韩成芳 Han Chengfang

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2021年第7期83-96,共14页Intellectual Property

基　　金：清华大学自主科研项目“信息社会法治研究”(20205080090)。

摘　　要：传统医药知识具有重要的经济和社会价值,但是很难在国际药品专利体系下获得保护。频繁发生的“生物剽窃”案件引发了国际社会保护传统医药知识的讨论。基于保护传统知识的国际协议,以印度为代表的发展中国家采取了防御性保护等措施。但是,已有实践模式的缺点阻碍了保护传统医药知识目标的实现。因此,有必要探索更加有效的保护措施,由第三方代理的生物勘探合同模式有助于纾解传统医药知识保护的困境。对印度经验的考察有助于为我国中医药保护提供参考和借鉴。Although traditional medicine knowledge has important economic and social value,it is difficult to be protected under the international drug patent system.Many cases of"biopiracy"have invoked international discussions on the protection of traditional medicine knowledge.Based on the international agreements on the protection of traditional knowledge,the developing countries such as India have taken defensive protection and other measures.However,the shortcomings of existing practice patterns hinder the realization of the goal to protect traditional medicine knowledge.Therefore,it is necessary to explore more effective protection measures,and the mode of bio-exploration contract by the third party agent is helpful to alleviate the dilemma on protecting traditional medicine knowledge.The research on India's experience is helpful to provide reference for the protection of TCM in China.

关 键 词：传统知识 中医药 阿育吠陀 药品专利 商业秘密 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]