青藏春冬麦区93份小麦地方种质条锈病抗性评价及抗病基因分子鉴定  

Evaluation of resistance to stripe rust and molecular detection of resistance genes of 93 wheat landraces from the Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones

作　　者：赵旭阳 姚方杰[1] 龙黎 王昱琦 康厚扬[1,2] 蒋云峰 李伟[3] 邓梅 李豪[1] 陈国跃[1,2] ZHAO Xu-Yang;YAO Fang-Jie;LONG Li;WANG Yu-Qi;KANG Hou-Yang;JIANG Yun-Feng;LI Wei;DENG Mei;LI Hao;CHEN Guo-Yue(Triticeae Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploitation and Utilization in Southwest China,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川成都611130 [2]西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室,四川成都611130 [3]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《作物学报》2021年第10期2053-2063,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0102000);四川省重大科技专项(2018NZDZX002);四川省国际科技创新合作(2019YFH0063)资助。

摘　　要：为应对当前条锈菌强毒性小种对中国小麦生产带来的威胁,本研究通过鉴定来自青藏春冬麦区的93份小麦地方种质对中国当前条锈菌流行小种或致病类群在苗期和成株期的抗性水平,检测其可能携带的条锈病抗性基因,为培育小麦抗条锈病新品种提供抗源。利用条锈菌流行小种条中32号(CYR32)和条中34号(CYR34)对93份来源于青藏春冬麦区小麦地方品种进行温室苗期抗性鉴定,并于2015—2016、2017—2018和2018—2019年度在四川崇州和绵阳共4个田间环境下,利用由条锈菌流行小种(CYR32、CYR33、CYR34)、水源致病类型(Su11-4、Su11-5)、贵农22致病类型(G22-14)组成的混合菌进行成株期抗性鉴定。同时利用Yr5、Yr10、Yr18、Yr24 (=Yr26)、Yr48、Yr65和Yr67共7个已知抗条锈病基因紧密连锁的侧翼分子标记或功能标记进行检测。抗性鉴定结果表明, 4份(占4.30%)种质对CYR32表现苗期抗性;3份(占3.26%)对CYR34表现苗期抗性;其中1份种质(白颖无芒小麦)对CYR32和CYR34均表现苗期抗性。10份种质(占10.75%)在4个田间环境中均表现成株期抗性。分子检测结果表明,可能携带Yr18、Yr48和Yr65的种质分别有11份、40份和1份。其中, 7份可能同时携带Yr18+Yr48基因;3份未检测出供试已知Yr基因,推测其可能携带其他已知或未知条锈病抗性基因。上述研究结果表明,青藏春冬麦区小麦地方种质对中国当前条锈菌流行小种或致病类群的抗性整体水平较低,其携带抗性基因的多样性也较低;建议对表现良好抗性且可能携带未知抗性基因的地方种质进行发掘并利用其加快育种.Wheat stripe rust(yellow rust),caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst),is one of the most serious diseases in wheat.To address the threat of predominant Pst races to wheat production and screen resistance resources to breed new wheat cultivars in China,the resistance of 93 wheat landraces derived from Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones to stripe rust were evaluated at seedling stage and adult plant stage,and the Yr genes that they might carry were detected.The resistance of 93 wheat landraces were evaluated at seedling stage in a greenhouse with two Pst races CYR32 and CYR34,and at adult plant stage under four field conditions with the mixture of Pst races(CYR32,CYR33,CYR34,Su11-4,Su11-5,and G22-14)in Chongzhou and Mianyang,Sichuan during 2015–2016,2017–2018,and 2018–2019 cropping seasons,respectively.The panel of wheat landraces was detected with flanking markers closely linked to stripe rust resistance genes Yr5,Yr10,Yr18,Yr24(=Yr26),Yr48,Yr65,and Yr67.Resistance evaluation indicated that four landraces(4.30%)were resistant to CYR32,three(3.26%)resistant to CYR34,and one was resistant to both CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage.Ten landraces displayed resistance to mixed races at adult plant stage under four field conditions.Molecular detection indicated that 11,40,and 1 landrace might carry Yr18,Yr48,and Yr65,respectively.Seven landraces may carry both Yr18 and Yr48.In addition,no Yr genes were detected in the three resistant wheat landraces,indicating that these wheat landraces might carry other known or unknown stripe rust resistance genes.The wheat landraces derived from Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones showed low levels of resistance to the current predominant Pst races in China,and they carried less resistance genes.These wheat landraces with good resistance and carrying known or unknown resistance genes should be valued to explore novel stripe rust resistance genes and accelerate their utilization in wheat breeding program.

关 键 词：小麦地方种质 小麦条锈病 抗病鉴定 Yr基因 

分 类 号：S435.121.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]