棉粕在家禽饲粮中应用的研究进展  

Application of Cottonseed Meal in Poultry Diets:A Review

作　　者：张家才 王江水[1,2] 张剑峰 刘兆金 ZHANG Jiacai;WANG Jiangshui;ZHANG Jianfeng;LIU Zhaojin(Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Guangdong Haid Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511400;Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070)

机构地区：[1]广东海大集团股份有限公司畜牧水产研究中心,广东广州511400 [2]华中农业大学动物营养与饲料科学系,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国家禽》2021年第7期93-98,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020218003)。

摘　　要：棉粕因含有较高蛋白质而在家禽饲粮中被广泛使用,但由于含游离棉酚(Free gossypol,FG)及其他抗营养因子和氨基酸组成不平衡导致其在饲料中的使用受到极大限制。FG对棉粕的使用影响最大,既会造成家禽肝脏和肾脏的损伤,又会在鸡蛋中残留,导致家禽死淘率增加和食品安全问题。发酵棉粕是棉粕经微生物发酵而成,FG含量显著降低,营养价值得到改善。根据棉粕和发酵棉粕在家禽饲粮的适宜添加量研究报道,文章建议棉粕在蛋鸡日粮中的添加量应小于10%,发酵棉粕在蛋鸡饲粮中的的添加量可以达到15%,且饲粮FG含量应小于20 mg/kg;棉粕在肉鸡饲粮中的添加量不宜超过15%,发酵棉粕在肉鸡饲粮中的添加量可以达到20%,同时饲粮FG含量均应低于100 mg/kg。Cottonseed meal is widely used in poultry diets because of high protein content. However, its application is greatly restricted by the existence of free gossypol(FG) and other anti-nutritional factors and imbalanced amino acid composition. FG is the main factor affecting the utilization of cottonseed meal. FG damages liver and kidney of poultry as well as remains in the eggs, which results in the increase in the mortality of laying hens and food safety hazards,respectively. The product of cottonseed meal fermented by microorganisms is fermented cottonseed meal. The FG content in fermented cottonseed meal is significantly reduced and its nutritional value is improved. According to the reports about appropriate addition amount of cottonseed meal and fermented cottonseed meal in poultry diet, this paper proposed that the cottonseed meal added to the layer diet should be less than 10%, the fermented cottonseed meal added to the layer diet could achieve 15%, and the dietary FG content should be less than 20 mg/kg;The level of cottonseed meal in broiler diet should not exceed 15%, and the level of fermented cottonseed meal in broiler diet could achieve 20%,and the FG content in the diet should be less than 100 mg/kg.

关 键 词：蛋鸡 肉鸡 棉粕 发酵棉粕 游离棉酚 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]