西双版纳橡胶园土壤交换性钙镁含量及其对叶片钙镁含量的影响  

Contents of Exchangeable Calcium and Magnesium in the Soil of Rubber Plantation of Xishuangbanna and Their Influences on Content of Calcium and Magnesium in the Leaves

作　　者：许木果 陈桂良[1] 刘忠妹 杨春霞[1] 杨丽萍[1] 丁华平[1] XU Mu-guo;CHEN Gui-liang;LIU Zhong-mei;YANG Chun-xia;YANG Li-ping;DING Hua-ping(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2021年第4期88-93,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设基金“橡胶园养分管理与调控技术研究”(RF2021);云南省技术创新人才培养项目(202005AD160005);国家自然科学基金“橡胶树-土壤系统中氮养分循环与吸收利用及其对橡胶树生长的影响”(31860199)。

摘　　要：利用GPS定位在西双版纳橡胶园采样,分析土壤交换性钙、镁含量及对橡胶叶中钙、镁含量的影响,以期为橡胶园养分高效利用及合理施肥提供一定理论依据。分别在西双版纳植胶区于2017-2019年采集土壤和植株样品进行分析,测定钙镁含量,探讨土壤及橡胶叶钙镁分布特征,分析土壤交换性钙镁与叶片养分的相关性。结果表明,西双版纳橡胶园交换性钙含量0.17~17.22 cmol·kg^(-1),交换性镁含量0.11~6.31 cmol·kg^(-1),分别有70.8%、76.3%低于临界值,大部分胶园处于较低含量水平;对比不同土壤类型,中性土交换性钙镁高于酸性土;分析不同土层,交换性钙土层0~20 cm高于20~40 cm,交换性镁土层0~20 cm低于20~40 cm。橡胶叶钙含量在5.81~21.23 g·kg^(-1),绝大多数属于正常范围,但变异系数较大;橡胶叶片镁的含量1.41~3.99 g·kg^(-1),整体含量处于较低或极低水平;橡胶叶钙含量上部叶整体低于中下部叶,镁的含量上部叶整体高于中下部叶。叶片钙与土壤pH、交换性钙呈显著正相关,叶片镁与土壤pH、交换性钙、交换性镁呈显著正相关。橡胶园钙镁养分不均衡状态较显著,橡胶树缺镁状况较明显,因此,应在增加镁肥使用量同时,调节其他相关养分施入量,合理配施,提高养分利用率。In order to provide theoretical basis for the efficient use of nutrients and rational fertilization in rubber plantation,samples in rubber plantation of Xishuangbanna were collected with GPS orientation to analyze the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in the soil and the influences on the contents of calcium and magnesium in the rubber leaves.From 2017 to 2019,soil and plant samples were collected respectively in rubber plantation of Xishuangbanna for the analysis.The contents of calcium and magnesium were measured,the distribution characteristics of calcium and magnesium in the soil and rubber leaves were discussed and the relevance of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soil and nutrients in the leaves were analyzed.The results showed that the content of exchangeable calcium ranged from 0.17 to 17.22 cmol·kg^(-1),which was 70.8%lower than critical value,and the content of magnesium varied from 0.11 to 6.31 cmol·kg^(-1),76.3%lower than critical value,manifesting that most of the rubber plantations were at lower content levels.The comparison of different soil types demonstrated that the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in neutral soil were higher than those in acidic soil.In different soil layers,the content of exchangeable calcium at 0-20 cm layer was higher than that at 20-40 cm layer,while the content of exchangeable magnesium at 0-20 cm layer was lower than that at 20-40 cm layer.The content of calcium in the rubber leaves ranged from 5.81 to 21.23 g·kg^(-1),most of which belonged to normal range but with a significant variation in coefficient.The content of magnesium in the rubber leaves varied from 1.41 to 3.99 g·kg^(-1),indicating that the overall content was at a lower or minimum level.Compared with the lower part of the rubber leaves,the upper part was inferior in calcium content but superior in magnesium content.The leaf calcium content was significantly and positively correlated to soil pH and soil exchangeable calcium,and the leaf magnesium content was significantly an

关 键 词：西双版纳 橡胶园 土壤交换性钙镁 叶片钙镁 含量 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]