基于CRISPR/Cas原理的转基因产品检测技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Detection Technology of Genetically Modified Products Based on CRISPR/Cas Principle

作　　者：谢宇宙 付伟[1] 闫超杰 王智 朱鹏宇[1] 任永超 张永 相宁[1] XIE Yuzhou;FU Wei;YAN Chaojie;WANG Zhi;ZHU Pengyu;REN Yongchao;ZHANGYong;XIANG Ning(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Jinzhou Customs District People’s Republic of China,Liaoning Jinzhou 121013,China;Qiannan Inspection and Testing Institute,Guizhou Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176 [2]中华人民共和国锦州海关,辽宁锦州121013 [3]贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州检验检测院,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《生物技术进展》2021年第4期430-437,共8页Current Biotechnology

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202002);中国检科院基本科研业务费项目(2020JK016)。

摘　　要：随着转基因产品商业化种植面积不断增加、国际贸易日趋频繁,对转基因生物安全管理提出了更高的要求。转基因产品检测技术作为安全评价的关键环节,逐渐引起了各国政府的关注。目前,针对转基因产品的快速检测方法层出不穷,但这些检测方法对于设备、试剂和专业的实验人员均有较高的要求。因此,为了有效支撑转基因相关产业的发展和管理,亟需建立一种高灵敏度、高特异性及高效的转基因检测技术。基因组编辑技术是近年来迅速发展的一类遗传修饰技术,其代表技术——CRISPR/Cas技术,更是极大地推动了生物技术的发展。CRISPR/Cas技术除了被应用于基因编辑领域,也逐渐被应用于核酸分子检测领域。基于此,以转基因产品检测技术为立足点,从CRISPR/Cas的检测原理、检测效果等技术层面分析了CRISPR/Cas检测技术发展的必然性,并对其在转基因产品检测上的应用前景进行展望,旨在为我国转基因产品快速检测和有效监管工作提供资料,对于保障我国转基因产品贸易的顺利进行具有重要意义。With the increasing commercial planting area of genetically modified products and the increasing international trade,higher requirements are put forward for the safety management of genetically modified organisms.As the key link of safety evaluation,the detection technology of genetically modified products has gradually attracted the attention of governments all over the world.At present,there are many rapid detection methods for genetically modified products,but these detection methods have higher requirements for equipment,reagents and professional laboratory personnel.Therefore,in order to effectively support the development and management of transgenic related industries,it is urgent to establish a highly sensitive,specific and efficient transgenic detection technology.Genome editing technology is a kind of genetic modification technology developed rapidly in recent years,and CRISPR/Cas technology,as a representative technology,has greatly promoted the development of biotechnology.CRISPR/Cas technology has been applied not only in the field of gene editing but also in the field of nucleic acid molecular detection.Therefore,based on the detection technology of genetically modified products,the inevitability of the development of CRISPR/Cas detection technology from the detection principle,detection effect and other technical aspects was analyzed,and looked forward to its application prospect in the detection of genetically modified products,in order to provide information for the rapid detection and effective supervision of genetically modified products in China,which is of great significance for ensuring the smooth progress of the trade of genetically modified products in China.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas 转基因产品 检测技术 监管 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]