元谋干热河谷侵蚀沟不同部位土壤含水量与植物多样性关系研究  

Study on Relationship Between Soil Water Contents in Different Sections of Gully and Plant Diversity in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley

作　　者：苟嘉皓 吴世祥 何聪 胡翠华[1] 杨丹 刘守江[1,2,3] GOU Jia-hao;WU Shi-xiang;HE Cong;HU Cui-hua;YANG Dan;LIU Shou-jiang(School of Land and Resource,China West Normal University,Sichuan Nanchong 637009,China;Sichuan Provincial Engineering La-boratory of Monitoring and Control for Soil Erosion on Dry Valleys,Sichuan Nanchong 637009,China;Institute of Jialing River Basin,China West Normal University,Sichuan Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学国土资源学院,四川南充637009 [2]四川省干旱河谷土壤侵蚀监测与控制工程实验室,四川南充637009 [3]西华师范大学嘉陵江流域研究所,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第6期1262-1268,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41101348,41807075);西华师范大学一般培育项目(416627);四川省教育厅重点项目资助(17AZ0373);西华师范大学英才项目(17YC114);西华师范大学科研创新团队(CXTD2018-10);西华师范大学博士科研启动项目(19E066)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对元谋干热河谷地区土壤水分对植物群落的影响,开展不同部位土壤含水量与植物多样性的研究,为元谋干热河谷侵蚀沟植被多样性及生态恢复水土保持工作开展提供依据。【方法】在植物群落样方调查和烘干法测定土壤含水量的基础上,对元谋干热河谷沙地村、金雷村、小雷宰12条典型侵蚀沟不同部位(集水区、沟头和沟床)含水量与植物多样性关系进行了研究。【结果】(1)集水区、沟头、沟床不同部位土壤含水量分别为9.59%、10.11%和11.31%。(2)研究样区植物物种方面,丰富度指数Ma、香浓维纳指数H′、辛普森指数D、Pielou均匀度指数E分别为2.470、2.094、0.836和0.840。(3)研究样区侵蚀沟集水区、沟头、沟床土壤的平均含水量与丰富度指数Ma的相关系数分别为0.309、0.311、-0.146;香浓维纳指数H′相关系数分别为0.457、0.103和0.124;辛普森指数D相关系数分别为0.420、0.122、0.308;Pielou均匀度指数E相关系数分别为0.082、-0.164、0.228。【结论】(1)土壤含水量显示研究样区土壤较为干旱,水分可能是该区植物生长的限制因子;(2)植物多样性指数表明侵蚀沟内植物物种较少,植被需要恢复,侵蚀沟亟待治理;(3)通过对样区不同部位土壤含水量与植物多样性指数相关性研究得出,总体上以正相关为主,表明土壤含水量越高,植被生长越好。进一步说明水分是该区植物分布和生长的限制因子。显著性总体上偏低,是因为整体干旱的环境内,土壤含水量空间分异不够显著所致,小地形和降雨对植被的影响更为显著。这对于元谋干热河谷侵蚀沟植被恢复工作开展过程中,需将土壤含水量与地形因子综合分析提供了重要的理论和实践依据。【Objective】The present paper aimed to the effect of soil moisture on plant communities in Yuanmou dry-hot valley area,the soil water content and plant diversity in different sections was studied to provide a basis for plant diversity and ecological restoration of soil and water conservation in Yuanmou dry-hot valley.【Method】Based on the survey of plant community plots and the determination of soil water content by drying method,the relationships between water content and plant diversity of different sections(drainage area,gully head and gully bed)of 12 typical gullies in Shadi village,Jinlei village and Xiaoleizai of Yuanmou dry-hot valleywere studied.【Result】(i)The soil water contents in different sections of the drainage area,gully head and gully bedwere 9.59%,10.11%,and 11.31%,respectively.(ii)In the study of plant species in the sample area,the richness index Ma,Shannon-Wiener index H′,Simpson index Dand Pielou evenness index E were 2.470,2.094,0.836,and 0.840.(iii)The correlation coefficients of the average water content of the drainage area,gully head and gully bed soil in the study area with the richness index Ma were 0.309,0.311,and-0.146;The Shannon-Wiener index H’correlation coefficients are 0.457,0.103 and 0.124;The Simpson index D correlation coefficients are 0.420,0.122,0.308;Pielou evenness index E correlation coefficients were 0.082,-0.164 and 0.228.【Conclusion】(i)The soil water content showed that the soil in the study area was relatively dry,and water might be the limiting factor for plant growth in the area.(ii)The plant diversity index indicated that there were fewer plant species in gullies,plant needed to be restored,and the gullies needed urgent treatment.(iii)According to the correlation between soil water content and plant diversity index in different sections of the sample area,the overall positive correlation was dominant,indicating that the higher the soil water content had,the better the plant growth was.This further showed that water was the limiting factor for pla

关 键 词：元谋干热河谷 不同部位土壤含水量 植物多样性 相关性 限制因子 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]