镉胁迫处理对水培苦苣幼苗生理响应及叶片超微结构的影响  

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Physiological Response and Leaf Ultrastructure of Hydroponic Cichorium endivia L.Seedling

作　　者：朱润华 贺忠群[2] 王海霞 白胜 阳圣莹 蒋浩宏 ZHU Run-hua;HE Zhong-qun;WANG Hai-xia;BAI Sheng;YANG Sheng-ying;JIANG Hao-hong(Service Center of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院服务中心,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第6期1302-1308,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技成果转移转化平台项目(2020ZHCG0021);四川省财政创新能力提升工程项目(2017QNJJ-024)。

摘　　要：【目的】本文通过探究镉胁迫处理对水培苦苣(Cichorium endivia L.)幼苗生理响应的影响及叶片超微结构的变化,为苦苣栽培过程中重金属胁迫的研究提供参考依据。【方法】采用水培法,添加浓度为0(CK)、0.5(低浓度)、1、5、10 mg/L(高浓度)的氯化镉培养苦苣。在处理3 d时测定苦苣的总镉含量、叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量、逆境生理指标,并观察叶片细胞超微结构;在30 d时测定苦苣的生长指标。【结果】高浓度镉显著降低苦苣幼苗的鲜重及株高,提高了幼苗死亡率。随着镉浓度的增加,丙二醛与游离脯氨酸含量均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,但始终高于对照。SOD酶活性随着苦苣幼苗体内总镉含量的增加而逐渐下降。POD酶活性表现为先下降后升高,添加10 mg/L的氯化镉最高。添加氯化镉后,叶绿体的结构与功能遭到破坏。【结论】苦苣幼苗通过一系列自身调节对镉具有一定的耐受性,但高浓度镉显著影响了苦苣幼苗的生理代谢,造成调节功能紊乱和代谢异常,并破坏了叶绿体的结构与功能。未来可以从细胞代谢通路方面进一步研究植物对重金属胁迫下的生理响应。【Objective】The present paper aimied to study the effects of cadmium stress on the physiological response of hydroponic seedlings of Cichorium endivia L.and the changes of leaf ultrastructure,so as to provide reference for the study of heavy metal stress in the cultivation process of C.endivia L..【Method】Hydroponics method was used in plant factory,adding cadmium chloride concentration of 0(CK),0.5(low concentration),1,5,10 mg/L(high concentration)for culture.Total cadmium content,chlorophyll and carotenoid content,stress physiological indexes and ultrastructure of C.endivia L.were determined at 3 days of treatment.The growth indexes of C.endivia L.were measured at day 30.【Results】High concentrations of Cd significantly decreased fresh weight and plant height of C.endivia L seedlings,and increased seedling mortality.With the increase of cadmium ion concentration,the contents of malondialdehyde and free proline both showed a trend of first increase and then decrease,but they were always higher than that of the control.SOD enzyme activity decreased with the increase of total cadmium content in C.endivia L.seedlings.The activity of POD enzyme was firstly decreased and then increased,and reached the highest when cadmium chloride was added at the concentration of 10 mg/L.The structure and function of chloroplasts were destroyed after cadmium chloride was added.【Conclusion】C.endivia L.seedlings had certain tolerance to Cd through a series of self-regulation,but high concentration of Cd significantly affects the physiological metabolism of C.endivia L.seedlings,causing dysregulation and metabolic abnormalities,and destroying the structure and function of chloroplasts.In the future,we could further study the physiological response of plants to heavy metal stress from the perspective of cell metabolism pathway.

关 键 词：苦苣 镉胁迫 水培 生理响应 叶片超微结构 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]