关于危险源与隐患的新见解  

New Insights on Hazard and Yinhuan

作　　者：许铭[1,2] 王毓武 周彩贵 王玉 崔思[1,2] XU Ming;WANG Yuwu;ZHOU Caigui;WANG Yu;CUI Si(School of Engineering&Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratoryon Deep GeoDrilling Technology,Ministry of Land and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Northwest Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shanxi 710105,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)国土资源部深部地质钻探技术重点实验室,北京100083 [3]西北水利水电工程有限责任公司,陕西西安710105

出　　处：《安全》2021年第7期26-34,I0001,共10页Safety & Security

基　　金：高海拔地区电力工程施工职业健康安全技术研究与应用(XBY-KJ-2017-01)。

摘　　要：为统一危险源和隐患的分歧,本文首先分析2个术语概念混乱的原因,然后根据2个术语的本质特征,给出它们的新定义、新分类和新分级,最后基于新的分类分级体系,给出新的隐患管理模式。研究表明:2个术语服从内外因作用原理,即危险源是内因,隐患是外因。危险源按源头可划分为3类,按载体形式可划分为4类;隐患按安全防护功能可划分为7类,根据产生阶段,可将这7类隐患再归为3类,若按内容和表现形式可将隐患划分为3类。根据隐患影响安全防护功能的程度将隐患分为1、2、3级。隐患管理新模式可简化现行隐患管理体制机制,有助于让政府、企业/单位等落实各自的安全生产主体责任。In order to unify the differences between hazard and Yinhuan,firstly,the reasons for confusion of the two terms are analyzed.Then,according to the essential characteristics of hazard and Yinhuan,a new definition,a new classification and a new classification are given.Finally,a new model of Yinhuan management is proposed base on the new classification and grading system.The results show that hazard and Yinhuan obey the principle of internal and external causes,i.e.,hazard is the internal cause and Yinhuan is the external cause.The hazard can be divided into three categories according to the source and four categories according to the carrier form.According to the safety protection function,the Yinhuan can be divided into seven categories,and these 7 categories can be further classified into 3 categories based on the generation stage.According to the contents and manifestations,Yinhuan can be divided into three categories.The Yinhuan can be classified into 1,2 and 3 levels on the basis of the degree of loss of safety protection function.The new model of Yinhuan management can simplify the existing Yinhuan management system and mechanism,which is helpful to implement the main responsibility for safety production of government and enterprises/units.

关 键 词：危险源 隐患 内外因作用原理 隐患管理 事故 

分 类 号：X91[环境科学与工程—安全科学]