渤海中部冬夏季叶绿素a和营养盐结构影响因素对比分析  

Comparative study on the influene factors of chlorophyll-a and nutrient structure between winter and summer in the central Bohai Sea

作　　者：王丽莎[1] 魏西会 张海波 李春川 唐洪杰[1] WANG Lisha;WEI Xihui;ZHANG Haibo;LI Chunchuan;TANG Hongjie(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China;Chengyang Branch of Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment,Qingdao Shandong 266109,China;National Marine Environment Monitoring Center,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China;Institute for Advanced Ocean Study,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛市生态环境局城阳分局,山东青岛266109 [3]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [4]中国海洋大学海洋高等研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2021年第4期473-484,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：博士科研启动基金(2021-Z-303);国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD0901104);国家自然科学基金(41976222,41306175)。

摘　　要：根据2016年1月(冬季)和6月(夏季)渤海中部叶绿素a(Chl a)、营养盐等数据,对Chl a和营养盐的季节特征、影响因素及趋势变化进行分析,结果表明,Chl a和营养盐呈现明显的季节变化特征(P<0.01)。冬季受洋流输入、扰动再悬浮及矿化释放等因素影响,DIN、PO_(4)^(3-)-P和SiO_(4)^(3-)-Si含量分别为(10.51±4.52)μmol·L^(-1)、(0.28±0.14)μmol·L^(-1)和(10.63±2.09)μmol·L^(-1),其中DIN主要组分为NO^(-)_3-N(92%),除部分站位呈现磷潜在限制外,氮硅营养盐限制状况不明显。Chl a含量较低为(0.99±0.25)mg·m^(-3),主要受温度限制(T<8℃)。夏季受径流输入、北黄海水交换以及吸收利用等因素影响,DIN、PO_(4)^(3-)-P和SiO_(4)^(3-)-Si含量分别为(4.72±4.2)μmol·L^(-1)、(0.04±0.04)μmol·L^(-1)和(3.81±1.72)μmol·L^(-1),较冬季分别降低55.0%、85.7%和64.1%,其中DIN以NH~(4+)-N(48%)和NO^(-)_3-N(45%)为主。营养盐呈现明显的P限制,且部分站位DIN和SiO_(4)^(3-)-Si含量低于阈值,不利于浮游植物的生长。Chl a含量达(4.58±5.51)mg·m^(-3),为冬季的4.6倍。在黄河口和莱州湾外高营养盐海域,Chl a含量高达10 mg·m^(-3),存在爆发藻华的风险。Based on the data of chlorophyll a(Chl a),nutrients,and hydrological environment parameters of the central Bohai Sea in January(winter)and June(summer)of 2016,we studied spatial and temporal variations of Chl a,nutrient structure,analyzed the influence factors for the phytoplankton growth and the changing trend of the phytoplankton community structure over long-time scale.The results showed that nutrient structure and Chl a had significant seasonal variation characteristics(P<0.01).In winter,the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN),active phosphate(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)and silicate(SiO_(4)^(3-)-Si)were(10.51±4.52)μmol·L^(-1),(0.28±0.14)μmol·L^(-1),and(10.63±2.09)μmol·L^(-1),respectively,and NO^(-3)-N(92%)was the main form of DIN,and all nutrient contents were above the threshold,meanwhile the nutrient ratios of N/P,Si/P,and Si/N were 69.30±86.80,64.50±68.80,and 1.20±0.50,respectively,the N and Si limitations were not obvious except that some stations showed P potential limitations because of input of the Northern Yellow Sea cold flow,the sediment resuspension,and the release by the mineralization of organic matters.Affected by seawater temperature(T<8℃),the phytoplankton reproduction and growth were restricted and the content of Chl a(0.99±0.25)mg·m^(-3) was low.In summer,influenced by the Yellow River dilute water,the Northern Yellow Sea cold flow,and phytoplankton uptake.The concentrations of DIN,PO_(4)^(3-)-P and SiO_(4)^(3-)-Si were(4.72±4.20)μmol·L^(-1),(0.04±0.04)μmol·L^(-1),and(3.81±1.72)μmol·L^(-1),and decreased by 55.0%,85.7%and 64.1%,respectively,NH4+-N(48%)and NO^(-3)-N(45%)became the main forms of DIN,compared to those in the winter.The nutrient ratios of N/P,Si/P and Si/N were 274.19±328.06,202.18±182.07 and 1.39±1.00,respectively,increased significantly compared with that of winter.The nutrient limitations showed obvious P limitation,and the contents were below the threshold of DIN and Si in some stations,which would limit the growth of phytoplankton,especially th

关 键 词：渤海 叶绿素A 营养盐结构 浮游植物群落 变化趋势 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]