两量子比特在两个热库中的稳态纠缠和热流  

Steady-state entanglement and heat current of two-qubit in two heat baths

作　　者：王美姣 夏云杰 李英德[1] 曹连振[1] 杨阳[1] 赵加强[1] WANG Meijiao;XIA Yunjie;LI Yingde;CAO Lianzhen;YANG Yang;ZHAO Jiaqiang(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-Photon Entanglement and Manipulation,Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Weifang University,Weifang 261061,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Polarization and Information Technology,College of Physics and Engineering,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊学院物理与光电工程学院,山东省多光子纠缠与操纵重点实验室,山东潍坊261061 [2]曲阜师范大学物理工程学院,山东省激光偏光与信息技术重点实验室,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《量子电子学报》2021年第4期504-516,共13页Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金,ZR2020KF017。

摘　　要：非平衡环境是量子系统应用中最常见的耗散因素之一。系统研究了两耦合量子比特在平衡和非平衡环境下的动力学演化和稳态解。结果表明:在平衡热库中,增强耦合强度、增大能量失谐以及适当提高热库温度都有利于纠缠的增强;而在非平衡热库中,平均温度低(高)时温度梯度会增强(抑制)纠缠。另外,还研究了热流与能量失谐、耦合强度以及热库温度的关系,发现对于分别处于两个独立热库和两个共同热库中的两量子比特,相关参数对其演化和热流的影响是不同的。选择适当的耦合强度、能量失谐和温度梯度,可以使两热库之间存在稳定热流,从而获得系统的稳态纠缠。Non-equilibrium environment is one of the most common dissipative factors encountered in the application of quantum system.The dynamic evolution and steady-state solutions of two coupled qubits in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium environments are studied systematically.The results show that in the equilibrium bath,enhancing the coupling strength,increasing the energy detuning and raising the temperature of the heat bath are all beneficial to the enhancement of the entanglement.While in the nonequilibrium bath,the entanglement is enhanced(suppressed)with the increasing of the temperature gradient for the low(high)average temperature.In addition,the relationship between the heat current and the energy detuning,the coupling strength and the temperature of bath is also studied.It is found that for the two qubits in two independent heat baths or in two common heat baths,the influence of parameters on the evolution of the system and the heat current is different.By selecting appropriate coupling strength,energy detuning and temperature gradient,the stable heat current between two heat baths can be obtained,so the steady-state entanglement of the system.

关 键 词：量子光学 稳态纠缠 热流 独立热库和共同热库 平衡和非平衡环境 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]