淮北平原冬小麦土壤含水率时空特征分析  

Spatiotemporal Variation of Soil Water Content over Winter Wheat Fields in Huaibei Plain

作　　者：许海婷 黄娟萍 朱永华[1] 吕海深[1] 刘勇[1] 王振龙[3] XU Haiting;HUANG Juanping;ZHU Yonghua;LYU Haishen;LIUYong;WANG Zhenlong(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing 210098,China;Fujian Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau Minjiang Estuary Hydrology Experimental Station,Fuzhou 350000,China;Key Laboratory on Water Conservancy and Water Resources of Anhui Province,Anhui&Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Bengbu 233000,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [2]福建省水文水资源勘测局闽江河口水文实验站,福州350000 [3]安徽省(水利部淮委)水利科学研究院水利水资源安徽省重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第7期1-8,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402703);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41830752);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071033,41961134003)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨淮北平原冬小麦生育期内土壤水分的时空变化特征,为冬小麦灌溉和田间水分管理提供科学依据。【方法】基于1992—2018年淮北平原砂姜黑土区的土壤含水率数据和适宜土壤含水率阈值,采用Mann-Kendall检验法(M-K检验法)、滑动T检验法、克里金插值法等方法分析了淮北平原冬小麦生育期内土壤含水率时空变化规律。【结果】(1)冬小麦全生育期10、20 cm土层深度含水率呈下降趋势,而50 cm含水率则呈上升趋势;10、20和50cm的土壤含水率未发生突变,其变化处于正常波动范围。(2)冬小麦生育期内,拔节—抽穗阶段、抽穗—乳熟阶段和乳熟—成熟阶段的土壤含水率低于适宜含水率下限值出现的概率分别为38.5%、46.2%和46.2%,不利于冬小麦生长发育;而返青—拔节阶段土壤含水率均高于适宜含水率下限值,出现干旱胁迫的可能性较低。(3)在空间分布上,冬小麦全生育期表层土壤含水率西南部最高,中部较低,而中层50cm则呈从南向北减少的整体态势。(4)在拔节—抽穗阶段,土壤含水率的低值区出现在蚌埠和蒙城的概率为45.5%和50.0%,而在抽穗—乳熟阶段其概率分别为62.0%和38.1%。【结论】未来淮北平原表层土壤含水率可能呈下降趋势,冬小麦生长受干旱胁迫的可能性较大,蚌埠和蒙城地区应加强冬小麦的灌溉。【Objective】Soil water controls all physical and biological processes in soil and understanding its dynamics is central to improving agronomic and irrigation management.The objective of this paper is to analyze soil water variation in winter wheat fields across Huaibei plain in attempts to provide baseline data to help improve agricultural water management in this region.【Methods】Soils in the studied areas are predominantly luvisol soil and the analysis was based on soil water content measured from 1992 to 2018 over the wheat fields in Huaibei plain.For each growth stage of the wheat,we set a threshold soil moisture below which the wheat was deemed to suffer water stress.Spatiotemporal change in soil water content was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test,the sliding T-test,and the Kriging interpolation.【Result】①Soil water content in the top 0~20cm soil has been in decline while the water content at the depth of 50cm has been in increase over the past few decades.Across the plain,soil water content at the depths of 10cm,20cm and 50cm did not show massive upheaval.②The probability of soil water content dropping below the thresholds at jointing-heading stage,heading-milk ripe stage and milk ripe-ripping stage was 38.5%,46.2%and 46.2%respectively.In contrast,the probability of soil water content exceeding the threshold at reviving-jointing stage was high,indicating that water stress is unlikely to occur during this stage.③Spatially,water content in the surface soil was the highest in the southwest and the least in the middle,while soil water content at the depth of 50 cm decreases from the south to the north.④The probability that soil water content at Bengbu and Mengcheng dropped below the threshold at the jointing-heading stage was 45.5%and50.0%respectively,and increased to 62.0%and 38.1%respectively at the heading-milk ripe stage.【Conclusion】Soil water content measured from the past 30 years indicated that the surface soil moisture in the winter wheat field is likely to continue to decrease,m

关 键 词：冬小麦 适宜土壤含水率阈值 时空变化 砂姜黑土 淮北平原 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]