毛管末端自动冲洗阀水力性能试验研究  

Hydraulic Performance of Automatic Flushing Valve at the End of Dripline

作　　者：赵新凯 莫彦 夏辉[1] 龚贻螣 王建东 张彦群[2] 龚时宏[2] 李巧灵 ZHAO Xinkai;MO Yan;XIA Hui;GONG Yiteng;WANG Jiandong;ZHANG Yanqun;GONG Shihong;LI Qiaoling(Institute of Urban and Rural Construction,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;Department of Irrigation and Drainage,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;China Overseas Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所,北京100048 [3]中资海外咨询有限公司,北京100048 [4]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第7期105-112,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发专项课题(2019YFC0409203);国家自然科学基金项目(51909276,51979288)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究毛管末端自动冲洗阀的关键结构参数对其水力性能的影响及原因,为毛管末端自动冲洗阀的研发提供科学依据。【方法】选取流道齿长L、流道齿宽W和阀盖高度Z共3个结构参数,通过单因素试验,利用3D打印技术加工7种规格试样,测试了不同冲洗阀进口压力H_(2)下的冲洗时长T、冲洗水量Q和冲洗流速V的响应规律。【结果】当H_(2)为0.038~0.096 MPa,7种冲洗阀的T为7.5~32.1 s,Q为2220~5725 mL,V为0.87~1.53 m/s。其中,当H_(2)≤0.058 MPa,T和Q与H_(2)负相关;当H_(2)>0.058 MPa,T与H_(2)负相关,Q与H_(2)不相关且变化幅度较小。T和Q均与L、W和Z呈正相关关系,改变L和W可影响迷宫流道最小过流面积;改变Z可影响进入冲洗阀上腔体的水量,进而影响T和Q。在本试验所取因素水平范围内,3个参数对T和Q影响的主次顺序为W>L>Z。V受结构参数影响较小,与H_(2)呈正相关关系。【结论】冲洗时长和冲洗水量与进入冲洗阀上腔体的流量及弹性体到出水口的间距关系密切,上腔体内的空气是阻碍冲洗时长和冲洗水量增大的关键因素,冲洗流速主要受冲洗阀进口压力影响。【Background and objective】Emitter clogging is a problem facing drip irrigation and drip-line flushing is an effective anti-clogging technology.The aim of this paper is to study how key structural parameters of automatic flushing valve at the end of drip-line impact its hydraulic performance as well as the underlying mechanisms.【Method】Three structural parameters were examined:dentition length(L)and width(W),as well as the height of the bonnet(Z)in the valve.Overall,there were seven flushing valves with different structural parameters,which were made by a 3 D printer.For each valve we tested how its hydraulic performance changed with the applied water pressure(H_(2)),flushing time(T),flushing volumetric rate(Q)and flushing velocity(V).【Result】When H_(2) was in 0.038~0.096 MPa,T varied from 7.5 to 32.1 s,Q from 2220 to 5725 mL,and V from 0.87 to 1.53 m/s,depending on the valves.When H_(2)≤0.058 MPa,T and Q were negatively correlated with H_(2),while when H_(2)>0.058 MPa,H_(2) only negatively affected T and did not result in a noticeable change to Q.Both T and Q were positively correlated with L,W and Z;the minimum flow area in the labyrinth channel depended on L and W.The amount of water entering the upper cavity of the valve was affected by Z,and as a result,it impacted T and Q as well.The impact of the three structural parameters on T and Q was ranked in the order of W>L>Z.V was affected by H_(2) more than by the structural parameters.【Conclusion】T and Q are closely related to the velocity,the amount of water flowing into the upper cavity,and the distance between the elastomer and the water outlet.The air in the upper cavity within the valve is a key factor impacting on T and Q;V is affected predominantly by H_(2).

关 键 词：引黄滴灌 抗堵塞 冲洗时长 冲洗水量 冲洗流速 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]