民国地图审查与地图编绘标准化研究  

Study on Map Review and Map Standardization in the Republic of China

作　　者：夏帆[1,2] XIA Fan(Wuhan University China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies,Wuhan 430072,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Territorial Sovereignty and Maritime Rights,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院,武汉430072 [2]国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2021年第2期225-234,共10页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中外地图所见中国疆界意识演变及比较研究(1708—1948)”(项目编号:18BZS167)。

摘　　要：民国时期,为规范地图出版,地图审查责任机关曾提出一系列标准化要求。主要包括:制图参数标准化,统一使用格林尼治子午线为本初子午线,地图中使用公制单位。疆界绘制标准化,在推进全国标准地图编绘的同时,先行颁布南海诸岛等标准地图。地名标准化,要求地图中的地名标注与现实相符、注重边疆与海洋地区标准地名核定,同时要求地名准确表达遭侵占领土状态。虽然民国地图审查存在制度缺陷及审查标准执行不到位等问题。但当时的地图编绘标准化要求,对提高地图出版水平具有促进作用。并且,通过疆域绘制标准化和地名标准化,明确表达了官方的疆域观念及主张态度。其中部分成果,至今仍是我国维护领土主权与海洋权益的重要史料。During the period of the Republic of China,the map review organization put forward a series of standardization requirements for map publishing through map review and the formulation of review rules,in order to standardize the map publishing.It mainly involves:the standardization of mapping parameters.It is required that the Greenwich meridian should be used as the primary meridian,and the metric unit should be used in the map.In the standardization of map drawing,the compilation of national standard map has been promoted,while the standard map of South China Sea has been issued.In the standardization of place names,it is required that the labeling of place names conform to the current situation.More than that,some standard place names such as Tibet and the South China Sea Islands are promulgated.Although there are some problems in the map review of the Republic of China,such as the system defects and the fact that the implementation of the review standards are not in place.These map standardization requirements can not only promote the map production level,but also through the standardization of territory drawing scope and place names,the government’s territorial concept and attitude towards land frontier and ocean are clearly expressed.Some of these achievements are still important historical materials for China to safeguard its territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.

关 键 词：民国时期 标准地图 地图审查 地图编绘标准化 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] P283[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]