‘瑞雪’苹果脱毒幼苗接穗采集区的研究  

Study on Scion Cutting Area of Virus-free Seedlings of‘Ruixue’Apple

作　　者：冯瑞芳 闫雷玉 孙建春 孙鲁龙 赵政阳[1] FENG Ruifang;YAN Leiyu;SUN Jianchun;SUN Lulong;ZHAO Zhengyang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2021年第7期1028-1036,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：为探索‘瑞雪’苹果脱毒幼苗的接穗最佳采集区,以1 a和2 a生‘瑞雪’脱毒自根苗为试材,以带毒树体1 a生枝条中部采穗区为对照。采集不同采穗区1 a生枝上的叶片和单芽,叶片用于生理指标测定,比较不同采穗区叶片生理指标的差异;单芽嫁接至M26矮化自根砧上比较不同采穗区的芽接苗的生长量。结果表明:1 a、2 a生‘瑞雪’自根苗的第3采穗区叶片的淀粉、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、多胺、叶片厚度、叶片栅栏组织厚度测得结果显著高于其他采穗区;取1 a生自根苗第3采穗区接穗的芽接苗树高高于对照16.9%,干径高于对照9.2%,取2 a生自根苗第3采穗区接穗的芽接苗树高高于对照15.8%,干径高于对照8.7%。生产中从幼龄‘瑞雪’脱毒自根苗采集接穗时,最佳采穗区域为1 a生树体第30~40节,对应树高为40~58 cm;2 a生树体的第60~70节,对应树高为117~139 cm。The aim of this study is to explore the optimal scion cutting area of virus-free seedlings of‘Ruixue’apple.Taking the one year age and two years age seedling of‘Ruixue’virus-free self-root seedlings as the test material,and poisonous of the annual branches in the middle node area was used as a control scion cutting area.The bud scion and leaves from the annual branches in each scion cutting area were collected.The leaves were used to measure the physiological index and compare the differences of the different indexes of the leaves in each scion cutting area.The single bud was used as a scion and grafted to the M26 dwarfing self-rootstock to compare the grafted seedlings growth of buds from different scion cutting areas.The results showed that the starch,soluble sugar,soluble protein,polyamine,leaf thickness,and leaf fence tissue thickness of the leaves in the third scion cutting area of the one year age seedlings and two years age seedlings of‘Ruixue’self-rooted seedlings were significantly higher than those in other scion cutting areas;for height of the budding seedlings from the third scion cutting area of the root seedlings,one year age seedlings were 16.9%higher than the control,and the stem diameter was 9.2%higher than the control.For height of budding seedlings from the third scion cutting area of root seedlings,two years age seedlings were 15.8%higher than the control,and the stem diameter was 8.7%higher than the control.For the optimal selection area of scion cutting for the sapling‘Ruixue’virus-free seedlings,one year age seedlings of‘Ruixue’were 30-40 nodes,corresponding to the height of 40-58 cm;two years age seedlings of the‘Ruixue’were 60-70 nodes,corresponding to the height 117-139 cm.

关 键 词：苹果 脱毒自根苗 嫁接 接穗 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]