男性的审美:明清小说中的四种理想女性  

The Aesthetic of Men:Four Kinds of Ideal Women in the Novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：夏薇[1] Xia Wei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》2021年第3期112-121,共10页Journal of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：2019年中国社会科学院出版资助项目“明清小说中的性别问题研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明清时期的几部长篇通俗小说反映出一系列重要的社会性别问题,无论作者是坚定捍卫男性中心主义制度的,还是对这一制度的态度有些摇摆不定,都可能从主观态度和客观反映两方面,表现出自己心中的理想女性。这些理想女性可以概括为四类,即"实用型""灵魂型""德情兼备型""缺憾美型"。这四类理想女性是宗法制出现以后逐渐形成的无职业、无知识、无意志、无人格的"四无"女性,通过小说作者的塑造在文学作品中的反映。A series of important social gender issues are reflected in several popular novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Both the authors who firmly defend the male-centered system and the authors who wavered in the defense of the system were likely to depict the ideal women in their minds from the aspects of subjective attitude and objective reflection.These ideal women can be divided into four types—“practical type”,“soul type”,“the type combining moral with emotion”,and“the type of beauty formed by imperfection”.These four types of ideal female images are the reflection of the“four noes”women—the women who were without occupation,knowledge,will and personality—in literary works through the creation of authors after the emergence of patriarchal clan system.

关 键 词：社会性别 明清小说 理想女性 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]