绝缘子表面三维覆冰特性的影响因素  

Influence Factors of Three-Dimensional Icing Characteristics on Insulators

作　　者：高晋 郭思华 韩兴波 蒋兴良[3] 张琦 Gao Jin;Guo Sihua;Han Xingbo;Jiang Xingliang;Zhang Qi(State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Chongqing Electric Power Research Institute,Chongqing 401123 China;School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074 China;State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044 China)

机构地区：[1]国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院,重庆401123 [2]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [3]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第14期3072-3080,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究计划青年资助项目(KJQN202000727)。

摘　　要：覆冰可极大程度降低绝缘子绝缘性能,严重威胁输电线路的稳定运行。开展绝缘子覆冰特性研究并建立绝缘子覆冰增长数值计算模型是解决绝缘子覆冰闪络问题的基础。为研究自然条件下绝缘子覆冰增长的发展规律和其影响因素,该文从环境参数出发分析绝缘子表面水滴碰撞、冻结、水膜流动等过程,对比不同覆冰类型增长过程的差异性,并基于流体力学和热力学基本理论建立绝缘子三维覆冰数值计算模型。在此基础上,以绝缘子LXY−120为例,对不同环境条件下绝缘子覆冰类型及增长特性进行仿真计算,并在雪峰山对两种不同类型的绝缘子进行了自然覆冰试验,将测量得到的绝缘子覆冰质量、最大覆冰厚度和仿真结果进行了对比,结果表明,不同环境条件下,绝缘子表面覆冰类型、发展过程、覆冰面积、速率等均有差异。此外,绝缘子伞裙结构会影响覆冰增长。复合绝缘子FXBW−220因为伞裙直径更小、厚度更薄,且具有多伞裙结构,其覆冰增长速率大于普通玻璃绝缘子LXY−300。自然条件下,覆冰可很快连通复合绝缘子伞裙间隙。Icing can greatly degrade the insulation performance of insulators and seriously threaten the stable operation of transmission lines.Studying the characteristics of insulator icing and establishing a numerical model is the basis for solving the problem of insulator ice flashover.In order to study the development rule and influence factors of insulator icing under natural conditions,this paper analyzes the processes of water droplets collision,freezing and water film flowing on insulator surface.The differences of different insulator icing types are analyzed,and a three-dimensional insulator icing calculation model is established based on the theory of hydrodynamics and thermodynamics.Based on the model,the insulator LXY−120 is taken as an example to simulate the icing process under different environmental conditions.Moreover,the related icing tests of two different kinds of insulators are carried out in Xuefeng mountain.The measured insulator icing weight and the maximum icing thickness are compared with the simulation results.The results show that under different environmental conditions,the insulator icing type,the development process,the icing area,and the rate are different.In addition,the insulator structure will affect the icing rate.With a smaller diameter,a thinner shed and a multi-shed structure,the composite insulator FXBW−220 has the greater icing rate than that of the glass insulator LXY−300,and the ice can quickly connect the sheds of composite insulator under natural environment.

关 键 词：绝缘子 覆冰 环境参数 伞裙结构 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]