税收激励与企业的市场定价能力  

Can Tax Incentives Improve Corporate Pricing Power?

作　　者：盛丹 张慧玲[2] 王永进[3] Sheng Dan;Zhang Huiling;Wang Yongjin

机构地区：[1]南开大学跨国公司研究中心、国际经济研究所 [2]南开大学国际经济研究所 [3]南开大学经济学院国际经济与贸易系,天津市南开区300071

出　　处：《世界经济》2021年第7期104-131,共28页The Journal of World Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目:“环境管制与中国出口贸易:基于异质性贸易理论的视角”(71673150);“竞争中性原则与中国对外贸易利益:理论机制、实证检验与量化分析”(72073073);“国家社科基金重点项目:世界经济新格局下的创新保护研究”(18AZD001);南开大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(63192219)的资助。

摘　　要：本文研究税收激励能否有助于提高企业的定价能力。本文通过建立税收激励与企业市场定价能力关系的理论模型,并以2004年东北地区增值税转型改革为例,基于企业成本加成率的视角,考察了税收激励对企业市场定价能力的影响。结果表明:总体而言,税收激励的研发创新效应大于行业竞争效应,最终提高了企业的成本加成率,增强了企业在市场上的定价能力;就研发创新效应而言,税收激励促进了企业的固定资产投资,提升了产品质量和生产效率,增强了企业的市场竞争力;税收激励对市场定价能力的影响具有行业竞争程度和外部融资依赖度的异质性。在更换了成本加成率的计算方法、考虑了对照组省份选择、其他政策因素、样本选择偏差等问题之后,本文的估计结果依然稳健。While tax incentives can reduce the tax burden on enterprises and help to improve corporate pricing power in the market,there is limited literature reflecting this by discussing and identifying it.This paper takes as an example the 2004 value-added tax reform in northwest China to identify the effect of tax incentives on corporate pricing power measured using the costplus ratio of enterprises.The results of the study reveal that tax incentives have a significant positive effect on corporate pricing power in the market,which is greater than the competition effect,that it is robust for a series of validity tests and that this effect is due to R&D and innovation,mainly caused by increased investment in corporate fixed assets,improved product quality and productivity,and enhanced competitiveness in the business market.Finally,the positive effect of tax incentives on corporate pricing power shows heterogeneity in all industries with different levels of competitiveness and enterprises with different types of ownership.

关 键 词：税收激励 增值税转型 企业市场定价能力 

分 类 号：F812.42[经济管理—财政学] F279.2