老年肺结核病的发病特点及营养状况分析  

Analysis of the characteristics and nutritional status of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis

作　　者：韩雪 Han Xue(Changzhou Third Peoples Hospital,Jiangsu Changzhou 213001)

机构地区：[1]常州市第三人民医院,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《常州实用医学》2021年第2期77-79,共3页CHANGZHOU PRACTICAL MEDICINE

摘　　要：目的分析老年肺结核病的发病特点及营养状况,为防治老年肺结核病提供新思路。方法选取到本院治疗的老年肺结核病患者60例为结核病组,60例非结核病老年患者为对照组。分析结核病组的发病特点,比较两组性别比例,比较两组血清营养指标(总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转狭蛋白及甸离子)。结果结核病组发病特点是78%病例为继发性肺结核病初治,98%病例存在基础疾病,67%病例以咳嗷、咳痰为首发症状就诊,12%为体检发现病灶。结核病组男性比例为73.3%,女性比例为26.7%,对照组男性比例55.0%,女性比例45.0%,结核病组男性明显高于女性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白及钙离子水平结核病组均明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年肺结核病患者以继发性肺结核病初治为多见,男性明显高于女性,营养状况明显低于非结核病老年人,治疗时应根据营养状况实施个体化的治疗方案。Objective To analyze the characteristics and nutritional status of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis,and to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 60 cases of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated in our hospital were selected as tuberculosis group,and 60 cases of non-tuberculosis elderly patients were selected as control group.The incidence characteristics of tuberculosis group were analyzed,the sex ratio of the two groups was compared,and the serum nutritional indexes(total protein,albumin,prealbumin,transferrin and calcium)of the two groups were compared.Results In tuberculosis group,78%cases were primary treatment of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis,98%cases had basic diseases,67%cases had cough and sputum as the first symptom,and 12%cases had lesions found in physical examination.The proportion of male and female in tuberculosis group was 73.3%and 26.7%,respectively.The proportion of male and female in control group was 55.0%and 45.0%,respectively.In tuberculosis group,male was significantly higher than female,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of serum total protein,albumin,prealbumin,transferrin and calcium in tuberculosis group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are more common in the primary treatment of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis,the male is significantly higher than the female,and the nutritional status is significantly lower than the non-tuberculosis elderly.Individualized treatment should be carried out according to nutritional status.

关 键 词：老年肺结核病 发病特点 营养状况 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]