岷江上游杓兰属植物资源及其海拔分布格局研究  

Resources and Distribution Pattern of Cypripedium in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River

作　　者：潘红丽[1] 刘怀君 周听鸿 刘兴良[1] PAN Hong-li;LIU Huai-jun;ZHOU Ting-hong;LIU Xing-liang(Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland,Chengdu Sichuan 610081,P.R.China;Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Sichuan Huanglong National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Songpan Sichuan 623300,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川重点实验室,四川成都610081 [2]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [3]四川黄龙国家级自然保护区管理局,四川松潘623300

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2021年第4期1-6,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：岷江上游野生杓兰属植物资源调查与就地保护研究(2019YJ0570)。

摘　　要：以岷江上游杓兰属植物为研究对象,通过实测法、样线结合样方法,调查研究杓兰属植物的种类及其海拔分布格局,结果表明:(1)岷江上游分布有17种杓兰属植物,分别占全国和全省杓兰属植物资源的47.22%、73.91%。该区的杓兰属植物资源特有性较高,紫点杓兰、对叶杓兰、离萼杓兰、山西杓兰和西藏杓兰为世界广布种,其他12种杓兰均为中国特有种(占本区杓兰属植物资源的70.59%),特有种中,小花杓兰、巴郎山杓兰、四川杓兰为四川省特有的极小种群植物。(2)岷江上游杓兰微生境较为多样,有针阔混交林、针叶林、高山灌丛草甸等生境,巴朗山杓兰既分布于阳坡多石生境,也分布于针叶林下苔藓层较厚的半阴湿生境,无苞杓兰表现出明显的喜阳特征,而小花杓兰则生于密闭阔叶林下,其他杓兰大都喜生于半阴湿、地被苔藓层厚、腐殖质丰富的钙化土壤。(3)本区杓兰属植物分布于海拔1700~4150 m之间,海拔2000~4000 m是其主要分布区;广布性种类分布点位多、海拔跨度大,中国特有种类的海拔分布范围相对较窄。本研究结果可为开展杓兰属植物研究和保护工作提供参考。The typical sampling method of transect and quadrat was used to systematically investigate the species,spatial distribution,habitat characteristics,protection and management status of Cypripedium resources in the upper reaches of Minjiang river.The results shows that:(1)there are 17 species of wild Cypripedium species in the upper reaches of Minjiang river,accounting for 47.2%and 73.9%of the total resources in China and Sichuan province respectively.Cypripedium resources in this region are highly endemic.C.guttatum,C.debile,C.plectrochilum,C.shanxiense,C.tibeticum belongs widespread species in the world.The other 12 Cypripedium species are endemic to China.Among the endemic species,C.micranthum,C.palangshanense,C.sichuanense are small population of wild plants;(2)The microhabitats of Cypripedium in this area are diverse,including coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,coniferous forest,alpine shrub meadow and other habitats;(3)Cypripedium plants in this area distributed from 1700-4150 m,and 2000-4000 m is the main distribution area.The widely distributed Cypripedium plants have many distribution points and large altitude span,while the altitude distribution range of endemic Cypripedium plants in China is relatively narrow.The research results provide scientific and technological support for carrying out targeted research and protection work.

关 键 词：杓兰属植物 微生境 分布格局 岷江上游 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学] S682.31