作为“家际伦理”的中国式伦理  

Chinese Ethics as Family Ethics

作　　者：张再林 ZHANG Zailin

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学人文学院 [2]西安交通大学

出　　处：《哲学分析》2021年第4期104-115,198,共13页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“近现代中国价值观念史”(项目编号:18ZDA020)。

摘　　要：中国式家际伦理学就其直接置身于、直面于种种原始而具体的家人之际关系而言,是一种类似于列维纳斯现象学的“面对面”的应对型、交往型的伦理。在这种家际伦理里,一种始于男女夫妇间的自组织的爱的双向回馈是其根本的法则。一方面,这种爱的双向回馈在父子之际沿纵向时间展开,使我们生命生生不息通向其固有的无限性,另一方面,这种爱的双向回馈又在兄弟之际沿横向空间展开,使我们的生命光被四海,得以永无止境地扩充。故中国家际伦理学既不同于个体主义式的源于同一化知识话语的“他组织”的西方美德伦理学、规范伦理学,又不同于时兴的社群主义化的非西方“角色伦理学”,因为后者虽与家际伦理同样重视人际之间的关系性、对话性,却由于其伦理罔顾对有限生命的超越性并缺失人类德性的普遍性,而与中国传统的家际伦理貌似相同,实则大相径庭。In terms of directly facing various primitive and specific family relationships,Chinese family ethics is a kind of“face-to-face”reactive and communicative ethics similar to Levinas’s phenomenology.In this kind of family ethics,a two-way feedback of self-organizing love between male and female couples is the fundamental law.On the one hand,this kind of two-way feedback of love unfolds along the vertical time between father and son,so that our lives will never cease to lead to its inherent infinity.On the other hand,this kind of two-way feedback of love also extends along the horizontal space between brothers,so that the light of our lives can be expanded through the world endlessly and universally.Therefore,Chinese family ethics is not only different from the individualistic and hetero-organizing Western virtue ethics and normative ethics derived from the identical intellectual discourse,but also different from the prevailing non-western“role ethics”that is tending to communalism.Although the latter attaches the same importance to interpersonal relations and dialogism as family ethics,it ignores the transcendence of limited life and lacks the universality of human virtues,and thus it is quite different from traditional Chinese family ethics although they look alike.

关 键 词：中国式家际伦理 爱的双向回馈 生生不息 善兄弟为友 西方伦理学 角色伦理学 

分 类 号：B80[哲学宗教—思维科学]