液环泵叶轮叶片轴向叶顶间隙微射流流动机理及性能分析  

Flow mechanism and performance analysis of axial tip clearance micro jet in impeller blade of liquid ring pump

作　　者：魏笑笑 张人会[1] 刘桂洪 孟凡瑞 WEI Xiaoxiao;ZHANG Renhui;LIU Guihong;MENG Fanrui(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Zibo Water Ring Vacuum Pump Factory Corporation Limited,Shandong Huacheng Group Corporation Limited,Zibo Shandong 255200,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050 [2]山东华成集团有限公司淄博水环真空泵厂有限公司,山东淄博255200

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2021年第6期1296-1303,共8页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然基金(51979135);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0200901)。

摘　　要：液环泵的轴向间隙泄漏流对其水力性能有重要的影响,为了抑制其叶片轴向叶顶间隙泄漏流动,提升水力性能,以2BEA-203型液环泵为研究对象,在叶片轴端间隙引入微射流,采用数值模拟方法对比分析微射流对间隙泄漏流场及液环泵性能的影响机理。分析结果表明:轴向间隙射流能够有效地抑制间隙泄漏,液环泵的效率及真空度均在一定范围内提升。叶片轴向间隙内射流孔出口处会形成一相对高压区,微射流排挤占用一部分间隙的流道,部分射流与压力面泄漏流相互作用形成间隙涡,阻滞泄漏流动,使得叶片间隙泄漏流强度降低,叶片背面后方的泄漏涡前移。液环泵叶轮轴向间隙泄漏流存在复杂的时空分布特征,湍动能分布由吸气区沿叶旋方向逐渐增强,受微射流抑制作用,射流型叶轮间隙吸力面侧的湍动能强度要明显弱于原型叶轮间隙;泄漏流强度沿弦线方向逐渐减弱,微射流的部分流体沿弦线方向流入叶片轴向间隙,排挤占用下游间隙的流道,提升了叶顶间隙的密封性能。The axial clearance leakage flow of liquid ring pump has important influence on its hydraulic performance. To suppress the axial tip clearance leakage flow of the blade and improve pump hydraulic performance, the 2 BEA-203 liquid ring pump was selected as the research object, and the micro jet was designed in the axial tip of blade. The influence mechanism of micro jet on the leakage flow field and the performance of liquid ring pump was analyzed by numerical simulation. The analysis results indicated that the axial clearance jet can effectively restrain the leakage flow, and the efficiency and vacuum of liquid ring pump were improved in a certain range. A relatively high pressure region was formed at the outlet of the jet hole in the axial tip clearance, and the micro jet occupied the clearance passage. Part of the jet fluid interacted with the leakage flow, and the clearance vortex was formed. The leakage flow was blocked by the jet. As a result, the intensity of the leakage flow decreased, and the leakage vortex behind the suction surface moved forward. The leakage flow in the axial clearance had complexity temporal and spatial distribution characteristics. The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy increased gradually along the blade rotational direction from the suction area. Due to the inhibition of jet flow, the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy on the suction surface of jet impeller clearance was obviously weaker than that of the prototype impeller clearance. The intensity of leakage flow decreased along the chord direction. Part of the micro jet flowed into the blade axial clearance along the chord direction, and occupied the downstream clearance passage. The sealing performance of the blade tip clearance was improved.

关 键 词：液环泵 轴向叶顶间隙 泄漏流 微射流 主动控制 

分 类 号：V21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TH36[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]