低温处理对桃树叶片基因表达及类黄酮合成代谢的影响  

Effects of Low Temperature Treatment on Gene Expression and Flavonoids Biosynthesis Metabolism in Peach (Prunus persica) Leaves

作　　者：周平[1] 林志楷[2] 郭瑞[1] 颜少宾[1] 张小丹 马昕怡 金光[1] ZHOU Ping;LIN Zhi-Kai;GUO Rui;YAN Shao-Bin;ZHANG Xiao-Dan;MA Xin-Yi;JIN Guang(Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry for Subtropical Plant,Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany,Xiamen 361006,China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Department of Plant Biology,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,Urbana 61801,USA)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福州350013 [2]福建省亚热带植物研究所/福建省亚热带植物生理生化重点公共实验室,厦门361006 [3]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福州350002 [4]伊利诺伊大学香槟校区,厄巴纳61801

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2021年第7期1283-1294,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2018R1013-13,2017R1013-1,2017R1013-13,2015R1014-14);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-Z-07);福建省农业科学院创新团队(STIT2017-1-4)。

摘　　要：桃(Prunus persica)是我国重要的经济果树,对农业经济的发展具有重要作用。低温影响桃树生长发育,是桃早春生产的威胁之一。为探究亚热带地区桃树的低温适应及冷驯化机制,本研究对比分析了4℃48 h低温处理后桃树低需冷量种质’MX14-1’叶片转录表达谱的变化,差异表达基因的GO功能注释和KEGG通路功能富集分析显示,低温胁迫下桃树叶片差异表达基因主要与胁迫应答相关,富集于次生代谢物合成途径,涉及类黄酮、芪类、二苯基庚酮、姜酚和苯丙烷合成、亚油酸代谢等途径。利用qRT-PCR技术对类黄酮代谢相关基因进行分析,结果显示4℃48 h处理后,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonialyase,PAL)、肉桂酸4-羟酶(cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase,C4H)、4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶(4-coumarate:CoA ligase,4CL)、查尔酮合酶(chalcone synthase,CHS)、查尔酮异构酶(chalcone isomerase,CHI)、类黄酮-3-羟化酶(flavanone 3-hydroxylase,F3H)基因表达显著上调,和转录组测序结果一致。叶片代谢物含量测定表明,低温胁迫桃树叶片中类黄酮代谢相关的黄酮醇及衍生物含量显著增加。4℃48 h处理组和对照同时进行-2℃冷冻处理,结果表明经4℃低温处理桃树叶片中类黄酮物质总量和抗氧化能力显著提高,-2℃冷冻处理时损伤降低。本研究可为进一步探究桃树低温响应与抗寒的分子机制提供参考。Peach (Prunus persica) is an important economic fruit tree in China,which plays an important role in the development of agricultural economy.Low temperature affects peach growth and development,which is one of the threats to peach production in early spring.In order to explore the low temperature adaptation and cold acclimation mechanism of peach trees in subtropical region,in this study,the changes of transcriptional expression profiles in leaves of peach germplasm’mx14-1’with low chilling requirement were compared and analyzed,GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that,under low temperature stress,differentially expressed genes in peach leaves were mainly related to stress response,and enriched in secondary metabolite synthesis pathway,involving flavonoids,terpenoids,diphenylheptanone,gingerol and phenylpropane synthesis,linoleic acid metabolism and other pathways.The genes related to flavonoid metabolism were analyzed by q RT-PCR,results showed that the expression of PAL (phenylalanine ammonialyase),C4H (cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase),4CL (4-coumarate:Co A ligase),CHS (chalcone synthase),CHI (chalcone isomerase) and F3H (flavanone 3-hydroxylase) gene,which encode key flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes,were significantly up-regulated in 4℃48 h treated leaves,the results were consistent with those of transcriptome sequencing.The determination of leaf metabolites showed that the contents of flavonols and derivatives related to flavonoid metabolism in peach leaves increased significantly under low temperature stress.4℃48 h treatment group and control were treated with-2℃,the results showed that the total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity of peach leaves were significantly increased after 4℃low temperature treatment,and the damage decreased at-2℃.This study provides a reference for further exploring the molecular mechanism of peach low temperature response and cold resistance.

关 键 词：桃 低温 基因表达 类黄酮代谢 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]