农地经营权抵押贷款模式选择:转型与路径  

On the Pattern Selection of Farmland Management Right Mortgage Loans:Transition and Paths

作　　者：宋坤 徐慧丹 Song Kun;Xu Huidan

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学经济学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2021年第6期92-104,共13页Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助一般项目“政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款的实现与风险管理”(19FJYB053)的资助。

摘　　要：农地经营权抵押贷款在试点地区存在“自上而下”政府主导型和“自下而上”市场主导型两种模式,且当前大多数试点地区均选择政府主导型模式来发展。本文重点关注抵押贷款模式选择的决定因素、政府主导型模式的可持续性问题及其向市场主导型模式变迁的路径。结果发现:(1)模式选择取决于农地经营权抵押贷款的供给量,当农村金融机构接受度较低时,应采用政府主导型模式,反之选择市场主导型模式;(2)政府主导型模式下贷款易陷入“停滞”状态,且农业经营主体参与意愿也偏低,该模式不具可持续发展性。因此,文章进一步讨论政府主导型模式变迁至市场主导型模式的速度和路径,发现最优变迁速度随时间推进呈衰减状态且衰减力度递增,最优路径依赖于最优变迁速度且随变迁速度递增。最后从动力机制、保障机制和运行机制三方面提出模式变迁的相关建议。除农村土地经营权外,上述结论与建议在一定程度上也适用于农民住房财产权、集体建设用地使用权等其他农村产权抵押融资。There are two patterns of farmland management right mortgage loans,a“top-down”government-oriented and a“bottom-up”market-oriented,in pilot areas,and most of them develop in government-oriented patterns at present.This paper focuses on the determinants of the selection of mortgage loan pattern,the sustainability of the government-oriented pattern and paths of the transition from government-oriented to market-oriented.It is found that:①the pattern selection depends on the supply of farmland management right mortgage loans.When the acceptance of rural financial institutions is not high the government-oriented pattern should be adopted,or the market-oriented pattern on the contrary.②The loan can be easily trapped into“stagnation”and the willingness of agricultural business entities to participate is also low under the government-oriented pattern,which is not sustainable.Accordingly,the paper further discusses the speed and paths of the transition from government-oriented to market-oriented and finds that the optimal rate of change attenuates with time and the degree of attenuation increases progressively.The optimal path depends on the optimal rate of change and increases progressively with the rate of change.Eventually,relevant suggestions on pattern changes are puts forward from perspectives of dynamic mechanism,guarantee mechanism and operation mechanism.The conclusions and recommendations above can be applicable to not only farmland management right,but peasants’housing property right,collective construction land usufruct and other rural property mortgage financing as well to a certain extent.

关 键 词：农地经营权抵押贷款 政府主导型 市场主导型 模式选择 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]