企业复工复产人员新型冠状病毒肺炎认知、行为及心理现况调查  

Investigation on awareness,behaviors and psychology status regarding COVID-19 among employees returning to work in enterprises

作　　者：佟岩 马兆俊 郑建中[2] 刘广天 张悦[1] 王志忠 吴永军[1] 王海东[1] TONG Yan;MA Zhao-jun;ZHENG Jian-zhong;LIU Guang-tian;ZHANG Yue;WANG Zhi-zhong;WU Yong-jun;WANG Hai-dong(Department of Infectious Disease Control,Center for Disease Control and Prevent at Shisuishan City,Shizuishan Ningria,753000,China;School of Public Health.Shanxi Medical Unirersily,Taiyuan Shanxi,30000,China;Department of Infecious Disease Control,Fourth People's Hospial of Ningxia Hui A ulonomous Region,Y inchuan Ningxia,750021,China;Office of Academic Research,Shenzhen Fiutian Hospital for Prevention and Treatment 0f Chronic Diseases,Shenzhen Guangdong,518048,China)

机构地区：[1]石嘴山市疾病预防控制中心传染病科,宁夏石嘴山753000 [2]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030000 [3]宁夏回族自治区第四人民医院传染病科,宁夏银川750021 [4]深圳市福田区慢性病防治院科研处,广东深圳518048

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第10期1354-1359,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BEG01003)。

摘　　要：目的了解企业复工复产人员对新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)的认知、防护行为以及心理应对能力,为完善分区分级精准防控措施提供参考。方法以宁夏回族自治区2020年2月24日以后复工复产的企业员工为目标人群进行网络问卷调查,自编新冠肺炎知识、行为问卷,并采用抑郁、焦虑量表测评心理健康。非条件logistic回归模型探讨相关影响因素。结果共收回有效问卷1 251份,受访对象新冠肺炎知识总体正确率为79.94%,其中对新冠肺炎高认知者占69.54%,低认知者占30.46%。自我健康监测发现异常及时向单位报告、咳嗽、打喷嚏时遮住口鼻、注意营养及加强锻炼3种防护行为的实施率分别为81.53%、79.70%和75.94%。企业复工复产人员抑郁和焦虑症状的发生率分别为18.86%和14.39%。Logistic回归分析提示,大专学历、本科及以上学历者新冠肺炎认知水平高于初中及以下组,未接受过相关培训者认知水平较低;41<51,51<60和≥60岁组较18<31岁组新冠肺炎风险行为倾向高;外省返岗复工者、新冠肺炎低认知者与新冠肺炎风险行为关联,中专或高中、大专和本科及以上者较初中及以下学历者新冠肺炎防护行为好。结论企业复工复产人员对新冠肺炎的认知、防护行为以及心理应对能力仍有待提高,应采取针对性干预措施促进疫情常态化防控与企业复工复产稳步开展。Objective To understand the awareness,behaviors and psychological response to Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)among employees returning to work in enterprises,provide references for improving the accurate prevention and control measures in different areas and levels. Methods An online questionnaire survey was conducted on employees who returned to work in enterprises after February 24 th,2020 in Ningxia Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The self-designed COVID-19-related knowledge and behaviors questionnaire was adopted,and depression and anxiety scales were used to assess the mental health. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors. Results A total of 1 251 valid questionnaires were included in the final analysis. The overall correct rate of the knowledge of COVID-19 was 79.94%,and the proportion of high awareness of the COVID-19 was 69.54%,while 30.46% were low awareness. The implementation rate of three protective behaviors for reporting timely when someone had suspicious symptoms by self monitoring,covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing,eating healthy and strengthening exercise was 81.53%,79.70% and 75.94%,respectively. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among employees returning to work in enterprises was 18.86% and 14.39% respectively. Logistic regression analysis suggested that responders with junior college,bachelor degree or above had the higher awareness of COVID-19 than junior high school or below,and the responders not receiving training course were more likely to have a low awareness. Compared with 18-<31 years old group,41-<51,51-<60 and ≥60 years old groups were more likely to have risk behaviors. Responders from other provinces and those with low awareness were more likely to have risk behaviors of COVID-19. Compared with responders of junior high school and blow,those with technical secondary school or high school,junior college,and undergraduate and above were less likely to have risk behaviors. Conclusion The awareness and pro

关 键 词：企业复工复产人员 新型冠状病毒肺炎 认知 行为 心理应对 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]